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TECHNICAL AND HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF POTABLE WATER FLUORINATION
Water and milk-free products are the principal sources of fluorine; they account for the 80% of the total amount of fluorine consumed by adults, depending on the fluorine content in the potable water. The bigger the fluorine content in the water, the higher the number of fluorosis cases, while number of caries cases is reduced. Fluorine contributes to formation of the bone tissue, enamelogenesis and tooth dentine. Fluorine also has a strong cavity protection effect. The optimal fluorine content varies between 1….1.5 mg/dm3. Its concentration range is determined by maximal day-time air temperatures, as the amount of potable water consumed during the day is dependent on temperature variations. Desalination of sea water aimed at its conversion into potable water means removal of fluorine; therefore, any water desalinated by way of distillation and reverse osmos needs fluorination. In the domestic practice, dosing of solutions of the fluorine-containing agent is applied. The recommendation is to use solutions of sodium fluoride with the fluorine content of 45.3 % and silicofluoric sodium or ammonium with the fluorine content of 64 %. In the USA, dry dosing of fluorine-containing agents is applied, as the fine-grained powder of agent А1FSО4·Н2О is added to the water subjected to treatment. The agent is neither corrosive, nor toxic. Besides, fluorination prevents development of osteoporosis. Approximately 355 million of people worldwide consume artificially fluorinated water. Other 50 million consume water that contains natural fluorine, the concentration of which is equal to 1 mg/dm3.
TECHNICAL AND HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF POTABLE WATER FLUORINATION
Water and milk-free products are the principal sources of fluorine; they account for the 80% of the total amount of fluorine consumed by adults, depending on the fluorine content in the potable water. The bigger the fluorine content in the water, the higher the number of fluorosis cases, while number of caries cases is reduced. Fluorine contributes to formation of the bone tissue, enamelogenesis and tooth dentine. Fluorine also has a strong cavity protection effect. The optimal fluorine content varies between 1….1.5 mg/dm3. Its concentration range is determined by maximal day-time air temperatures, as the amount of potable water consumed during the day is dependent on temperature variations. Desalination of sea water aimed at its conversion into potable water means removal of fluorine; therefore, any water desalinated by way of distillation and reverse osmos needs fluorination. In the domestic practice, dosing of solutions of the fluorine-containing agent is applied. The recommendation is to use solutions of sodium fluoride with the fluorine content of 45.3 % and silicofluoric sodium or ammonium with the fluorine content of 64 %. In the USA, dry dosing of fluorine-containing agents is applied, as the fine-grained powder of agent А1FSО4·Н2О is added to the water subjected to treatment. The agent is neither corrosive, nor toxic. Besides, fluorination prevents development of osteoporosis. Approximately 355 million of people worldwide consume artificially fluorinated water. Other 50 million consume water that contains natural fluorine, the concentration of which is equal to 1 mg/dm3.
TECHNICAL AND HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF POTABLE WATER FLUORINATION
Alekseev Leonid Sergeevich (author) / Ivleva Galina Alekseevna (author) / Zaed Sadik Abrahem Al-Amri (author)
2012
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
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