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SPIRAL CHAMBERS OF COMBINED PUMP-TURBINE UNITS AND CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Flow analysis and pressure loss in spiral chambers of turbines and pumps are considered in the paper. Drawbacks are also specified, and recommendations are provided in terms of the hydro-mechanical analysis and the construction of spiral chambers of combined pump-chamber units and centrifugal pumps. Liquid flow pattern in spiral chambers of centrifugal pumps and combined pump-chamber units, when operating in the pump mode, has a diffuser character, and circulatory streams, flowing in opposite directions, evolve there; streams move clockwise in the bottom area of the cross section, and in the upper area, stream move counter clockwise (when directions of water flows inside chambers are considered). The presence of circulatory streams and the diffuser nature of the flow inside spiral chambers of centrifugal pumps and combined pump-chamber units boost uneven distribution of velocities and the loss of pressure inside chambers and trail races. The loss of energy (pressure) in spiral chambers and trail races of the above machines can be reduced, if the output section of the spiral has the shape of a torus with a central angle φ= 45….55o, taken in-between the output section of the spiral and its tooth, while the cross sectional area is equal to the section area calculated as Vu ∙ r = const or Vср ∙ r = const (this section of the spiral is the initial section of the torus).
SPIRAL CHAMBERS OF COMBINED PUMP-TURBINE UNITS AND CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Flow analysis and pressure loss in spiral chambers of turbines and pumps are considered in the paper. Drawbacks are also specified, and recommendations are provided in terms of the hydro-mechanical analysis and the construction of spiral chambers of combined pump-chamber units and centrifugal pumps. Liquid flow pattern in spiral chambers of centrifugal pumps and combined pump-chamber units, when operating in the pump mode, has a diffuser character, and circulatory streams, flowing in opposite directions, evolve there; streams move clockwise in the bottom area of the cross section, and in the upper area, stream move counter clockwise (when directions of water flows inside chambers are considered). The presence of circulatory streams and the diffuser nature of the flow inside spiral chambers of centrifugal pumps and combined pump-chamber units boost uneven distribution of velocities and the loss of pressure inside chambers and trail races. The loss of energy (pressure) in spiral chambers and trail races of the above machines can be reduced, if the output section of the spiral has the shape of a torus with a central angle φ= 45….55o, taken in-between the output section of the spiral and its tooth, while the cross sectional area is equal to the section area calculated as Vu ∙ r = const or Vср ∙ r = const (this section of the spiral is the initial section of the torus).
SPIRAL CHAMBERS OF COMBINED PUMP-TURBINE UNITS AND CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Mihajlov Ivan Evgrafovich (author)
2012
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
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