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Low Trihalomethane Formation during Managed Aquifer Recharge with Chlorinated Desalinated Water
Trihalomethanes (THMs) are toxic disinfection by-products, formed in the reaction of chlorine with organic matter. This work aimed to study THM formation during a unique case study of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with chlorinated desalinated seawater. THM formation was tested in the field, along a 3.0 m deep vadose zone gallery. Two small-scale experiments were conducted in the site, with untreated and with bromide spiked desalinated seawater. These were accompanied by a large-scale, ~1-month long operational MAR event. In the small-scale experiments, THM concentrations were shown to increase with bromide concentrations, with increasing dominance of the brominated species. Nevertheless, concentrations remained within the single µg/L range, which is an order of magnitude lower than drinking water regulations. Such low THM concentrations were also determined in the large-scale event. In both cases, THM formation occurred in the ponding water, without significant formation or degradation in the upper 3.0 m of the vadose zone. This study shows that MAR with chlorinated (<0.5 mg/L) desalinated seawater through sandy infiltration basins does not pose a threat to drinking water quality at this site.
Low Trihalomethane Formation during Managed Aquifer Recharge with Chlorinated Desalinated Water
Trihalomethanes (THMs) are toxic disinfection by-products, formed in the reaction of chlorine with organic matter. This work aimed to study THM formation during a unique case study of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with chlorinated desalinated seawater. THM formation was tested in the field, along a 3.0 m deep vadose zone gallery. Two small-scale experiments were conducted in the site, with untreated and with bromide spiked desalinated seawater. These were accompanied by a large-scale, ~1-month long operational MAR event. In the small-scale experiments, THM concentrations were shown to increase with bromide concentrations, with increasing dominance of the brominated species. Nevertheless, concentrations remained within the single µg/L range, which is an order of magnitude lower than drinking water regulations. Such low THM concentrations were also determined in the large-scale event. In both cases, THM formation occurred in the ponding water, without significant formation or degradation in the upper 3.0 m of the vadose zone. This study shows that MAR with chlorinated (<0.5 mg/L) desalinated seawater through sandy infiltration basins does not pose a threat to drinking water quality at this site.
Low Trihalomethane Formation during Managed Aquifer Recharge with Chlorinated Desalinated Water
Anat Bernstein (author) / Raz Studny (author) / Vinolia Shyntychea (author) / Daniel Kurtzman (author) / Yonatan Ganot (author) / Yoram Katz (author) / Berhane Abrha Asfaw (author) / Kaori Sakaguchi-Söder (author) / Christoph Schüth (author) / Hagar Siebner (author)
2020
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
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Trihalomethane formation in chlorinated distribution system
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1998
Trihalomethane formation in chlorinated distribution system
| Online Contents | 1998