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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Large-scale field model tests of landslide dam breaching
Abstract The breaching of landslide dams is a severe geological disaster, and the resulting breaching floods significantly threaten people in downstream areas. In this study, a large-scale physical model was constructed in a natural river channel using unconsolidated dam material with a wide grain size distribution. Terrestrial laser scanning was used to capture three-dimensional geometric information of the landslide dam during the breaching process. The results showed that the dominant erosion pattern during dam breaching was surface progressive erosion. The breaching process could be divided into three stages based on different erosion characteristics: headward erosion, rapid erosion, and attenuated erosion. Longitudinal and lateral evolution models were proposed based on the field test results. The longitudinal evolution model describes the erosion at the dam crest and the sedimentation at the dam toe during the breaching process by defining the erosion and rotation points. The lateral evolution model revealed different lateral erosion characteristics at different cross-sections. Both the longitudinal and lateral evolution models were validated using two dam break events of the Baige landslide. The evolution models proposed in this study provide a scientific reference for numerical simulations of dam breaching and the prevention and mitigation of landslide dams.
Highlights A large scale field model test was conducted in a natural river to reveal the breaching process of landslide dam. The whole breaching process was divided into three stages: headward erosion, rapid erosion, and attenuated erosion. A longitudinal and a lateral evolution models were proposed based on the field test results.
Large-scale field model tests of landslide dam breaching
Abstract The breaching of landslide dams is a severe geological disaster, and the resulting breaching floods significantly threaten people in downstream areas. In this study, a large-scale physical model was constructed in a natural river channel using unconsolidated dam material with a wide grain size distribution. Terrestrial laser scanning was used to capture three-dimensional geometric information of the landslide dam during the breaching process. The results showed that the dominant erosion pattern during dam breaching was surface progressive erosion. The breaching process could be divided into three stages based on different erosion characteristics: headward erosion, rapid erosion, and attenuated erosion. Longitudinal and lateral evolution models were proposed based on the field test results. The longitudinal evolution model describes the erosion at the dam crest and the sedimentation at the dam toe during the breaching process by defining the erosion and rotation points. The lateral evolution model revealed different lateral erosion characteristics at different cross-sections. Both the longitudinal and lateral evolution models were validated using two dam break events of the Baige landslide. The evolution models proposed in this study provide a scientific reference for numerical simulations of dam breaching and the prevention and mitigation of landslide dams.
Highlights A large scale field model test was conducted in a natural river to reveal the breaching process of landslide dam. The whole breaching process was divided into three stages: headward erosion, rapid erosion, and attenuated erosion. A longitudinal and a lateral evolution models were proposed based on the field test results.
Large-scale field model tests of landslide dam breaching
Zhang, Jie-yuan (author) / Fan, Gang (author) / Li, Hai-bo (author) / Zhou, Jia-wen (author) / Yang, Xing-guo (author)
Engineering Geology ; 293
2021-08-05
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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