A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Does window/door opening behaviour during summer affect the bedroom environment and sleep quality in a high-density sub-tropical city
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-4127
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5775-7715
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-8662
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3865-3560
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-9266
Abstract To investigate the effects of window and/or door opening on sleep quality, a two-week field intervention study was performed in 50 bedrooms in the summer in a high-density city (Shanghai). Each participant slept as they did normally in their own bedroom during the first week and changed the state of windows or doors from open to closed or vice versa in the second week. Their bedroom environment and sleep quality were objectively measured. Available data from 256 person-nights in which the intervention was effective were used for analysis of window or door manipulation. The indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations were lower and the air temperatures and PM2.5 concentrations were higher when windows were open. The perceived air freshness and noise intensity were both higher and the duration of REM-sleep (Rapid Eye Movement sleep) was lower in this condition. No significant differences were found in other sleep quality indexes. These results suggest that in a high-density city, the increased indoor temperature, PM2.5 concentration as well as noise caused by opening windows may disturb sleep and offset the positive effects of improving the ventilation. Thus, window opening should not be recommended as a universal way of achieving bedroom ventilation to promote sleep. Affordable retrofit solutions for bedroom ventilation should take these aspects into account.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights The effects of opening window or door were investigated in summer in a high-density city. Opening bedroom windows reduced indoor CO2 but increased PM2.5 and temperature. Opening bedroom windows reduced the duration of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. No beneficial effects of opening bedroom doors on sleep were observed. Alternative solutions for bedroom ventilation in summertime are required.
Does window/door opening behaviour during summer affect the bedroom environment and sleep quality in a high-density sub-tropical city
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-4127
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5775-7715
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-8662
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3865-3560
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-9266
Abstract To investigate the effects of window and/or door opening on sleep quality, a two-week field intervention study was performed in 50 bedrooms in the summer in a high-density city (Shanghai). Each participant slept as they did normally in their own bedroom during the first week and changed the state of windows or doors from open to closed or vice versa in the second week. Their bedroom environment and sleep quality were objectively measured. Available data from 256 person-nights in which the intervention was effective were used for analysis of window or door manipulation. The indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations were lower and the air temperatures and PM2.5 concentrations were higher when windows were open. The perceived air freshness and noise intensity were both higher and the duration of REM-sleep (Rapid Eye Movement sleep) was lower in this condition. No significant differences were found in other sleep quality indexes. These results suggest that in a high-density city, the increased indoor temperature, PM2.5 concentration as well as noise caused by opening windows may disturb sleep and offset the positive effects of improving the ventilation. Thus, window opening should not be recommended as a universal way of achieving bedroom ventilation to promote sleep. Affordable retrofit solutions for bedroom ventilation should take these aspects into account.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights The effects of opening window or door were investigated in summer in a high-density city. Opening bedroom windows reduced indoor CO2 but increased PM2.5 and temperature. Opening bedroom windows reduced the duration of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. No beneficial effects of opening bedroom doors on sleep were observed. Alternative solutions for bedroom ventilation in summertime are required.
Does window/door opening behaviour during summer affect the bedroom environment and sleep quality in a high-density sub-tropical city
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-4127
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5775-7715
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-8662
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3865-3560
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-9266
Abstract To investigate the effects of window and/or door opening on sleep quality, a two-week field intervention study was performed in 50 bedrooms in the summer in a high-density city (Shanghai). Each participant slept as they did normally in their own bedroom during the first week and changed the state of windows or doors from open to closed or vice versa in the second week. Their bedroom environment and sleep quality were objectively measured. Available data from 256 person-nights in which the intervention was effective were used for analysis of window or door manipulation. The indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations were lower and the air temperatures and PM2.5 concentrations were higher when windows were open. The perceived air freshness and noise intensity were both higher and the duration of REM-sleep (Rapid Eye Movement sleep) was lower in this condition. No significant differences were found in other sleep quality indexes. These results suggest that in a high-density city, the increased indoor temperature, PM2.5 concentration as well as noise caused by opening windows may disturb sleep and offset the positive effects of improving the ventilation. Thus, window opening should not be recommended as a universal way of achieving bedroom ventilation to promote sleep. Affordable retrofit solutions for bedroom ventilation should take these aspects into account.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights The effects of opening window or door were investigated in summer in a high-density city. Opening bedroom windows reduced indoor CO2 but increased PM2.5 and temperature. Opening bedroom windows reduced the duration of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep. No beneficial effects of opening bedroom doors on sleep were observed. Alternative solutions for bedroom ventilation in summertime are required.
Does window/door opening behaviour during summer affect the bedroom environment and sleep quality in a high-density sub-tropical city
Yan, Yan (author) / Kang, Mengyuan (author) / Zhang, Haodong (author) / Lian, Zhiwei (author) / Fan, Xiaojun (author) / Sekhar, Chandra (author) / Wargocki, Pawel (author) / Lan, Li (author)
Building and Environment ; 247
2023-11-08
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Effects of window opening on the bedroom environment and resulting sleep quality
| Taylor & Francis Verlag | 2021
| Wiley | 2018