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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Historical and projected HFC-410A emission from room air conditioning sector in China
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5433-2276
Abstract China's room air conditioning (RAC) sector is now undergoing a substitution of HCFC-22 (CHClF2) by HFC-410A (a blend of HFC-125 (C2HF5) and HFC-32 (CH2F2)) as refrigerant. However, HFC-410A is also one of the strong greenhouse gases (GHGs) and will be regulated under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol. In this study, an updated HFC-410A emission inventory for China's RAC sector is established for the period of 2006–2017 with a projection to 2050 based on a bottom-up method. Our estimation indicates that the HFC-410A emissions increased from 0.0092 Gg yr−1 to 12.0 Gg yr−1 with an annual increase of 115.7%/yr during 2006–2017. More than 95% of the emissions were from end-of-life process. Under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, projected emissions will continuously grow to 89.2 (54.8–126.0) Gg yr−1 in 2050. However, under a mitigation scenario with implementation of the Kigali Amendment, emissions will peak at 63.8 Gg yr−1 in 2039 and then decline to 43.1 (26.1–62.0) Gg yr−1 in 2050, and about 373 Gg of cumulative emission could be curbed during 2018–2050. Additionally, we find that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangzi River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and provincial capital cities show greater HFC-410A emission intensities per unit of area than those of the rest of China during 2009–2017.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Updated emission factors from filed survey are applied to estimate HFC-410A emission from RAC in China. HFC-410A emission exhibited a tremendous growth rate from 2006 to 2017 in China. HFC-410A emission is projected to 2050 under BAU and mitigation scenarios. City level HFC-410A emission intensity is reported.
Historical and projected HFC-410A emission from room air conditioning sector in China
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5433-2276
Abstract China's room air conditioning (RAC) sector is now undergoing a substitution of HCFC-22 (CHClF2) by HFC-410A (a blend of HFC-125 (C2HF5) and HFC-32 (CH2F2)) as refrigerant. However, HFC-410A is also one of the strong greenhouse gases (GHGs) and will be regulated under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol. In this study, an updated HFC-410A emission inventory for China's RAC sector is established for the period of 2006–2017 with a projection to 2050 based on a bottom-up method. Our estimation indicates that the HFC-410A emissions increased from 0.0092 Gg yr−1 to 12.0 Gg yr−1 with an annual increase of 115.7%/yr during 2006–2017. More than 95% of the emissions were from end-of-life process. Under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, projected emissions will continuously grow to 89.2 (54.8–126.0) Gg yr−1 in 2050. However, under a mitigation scenario with implementation of the Kigali Amendment, emissions will peak at 63.8 Gg yr−1 in 2039 and then decline to 43.1 (26.1–62.0) Gg yr−1 in 2050, and about 373 Gg of cumulative emission could be curbed during 2018–2050. Additionally, we find that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangzi River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and provincial capital cities show greater HFC-410A emission intensities per unit of area than those of the rest of China during 2009–2017.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Updated emission factors from filed survey are applied to estimate HFC-410A emission from RAC in China. HFC-410A emission exhibited a tremendous growth rate from 2006 to 2017 in China. HFC-410A emission is projected to 2050 under BAU and mitigation scenarios. City level HFC-410A emission intensity is reported.
Historical and projected HFC-410A emission from room air conditioning sector in China
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5433-2276
Abstract China's room air conditioning (RAC) sector is now undergoing a substitution of HCFC-22 (CHClF2) by HFC-410A (a blend of HFC-125 (C2HF5) and HFC-32 (CH2F2)) as refrigerant. However, HFC-410A is also one of the strong greenhouse gases (GHGs) and will be regulated under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol. In this study, an updated HFC-410A emission inventory for China's RAC sector is established for the period of 2006–2017 with a projection to 2050 based on a bottom-up method. Our estimation indicates that the HFC-410A emissions increased from 0.0092 Gg yr−1 to 12.0 Gg yr−1 with an annual increase of 115.7%/yr during 2006–2017. More than 95% of the emissions were from end-of-life process. Under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, projected emissions will continuously grow to 89.2 (54.8–126.0) Gg yr−1 in 2050. However, under a mitigation scenario with implementation of the Kigali Amendment, emissions will peak at 63.8 Gg yr−1 in 2039 and then decline to 43.1 (26.1–62.0) Gg yr−1 in 2050, and about 373 Gg of cumulative emission could be curbed during 2018–2050. Additionally, we find that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangzi River Delta, the Pearl River Delta and provincial capital cities show greater HFC-410A emission intensities per unit of area than those of the rest of China during 2009–2017.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Updated emission factors from filed survey are applied to estimate HFC-410A emission from RAC in China. HFC-410A emission exhibited a tremendous growth rate from 2006 to 2017 in China. HFC-410A emission is projected to 2050 under BAU and mitigation scenarios. City level HFC-410A emission intensity is reported.
Historical and projected HFC-410A emission from room air conditioning sector in China
Liu, Lisha (author) / Dou, Yanwei (author) / Yao, Bo (author) / Bie, Pengju (author) / Wang, Lei (author) / Peng, Min (author) / Hu, Jianxin (author)
Atmospheric Environment ; 212 ; 194-200
2019-05-11
7 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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