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Heterogeneous poly(ionic liquids) catalyst on nanofiber-like palygorskite supports for biodiesel production
AbstractNew heterogeneous poly(ionic liquids) catalysts (PAL-PILs) were successfully prepared by grafting polymerization of acid ionic liquids (ILs) (1-butysulfonate-3-vinylimidazole hydrogen sulfate) onto nanofiber-like palygorskite (PAL) supports that had been, in advance, covalently modified by γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (OPAL). Using the ester yields and PILs grafting degrees as main indexes, the optimized immobilization conditions were that the mass ratio of OPAL to ILs monomer was 1:2, the immobilization temperature and time were 60°C and 30h, the initiator (2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) dosage was about 5wt%, respectively. Then, the esterification between methanol and oleic acid was carried out to investigate the catalytic properties of PAL-PILs. For the homogeneous ILs catalyst, the yield of methyl oleate was about 85%. For the PAL-PILs, on which only about 41% of ILs used in homogeneous catalysis was immobilized, the yield could reach over 69% after reacting only 5h at 75°C at atmospheric pressure, when the molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid is adjusted to 12:1. More importantly, the yield of methyl oleate still maintained at about 22% after 6 recycling experiments. Moreover, the PAL-PILs catalysts exhibited efficient catalytic properties and could be recycled easily. These results offer great potential for the PAL-PILs in the biodiesel production for further research.
Graphical abstract
HighlightsNanofiber-like palygorskite was selected as the support for heterogeneous catalysts.The polymerizable ionic liquids owned high density catalytic active sites.The immobilization reaction conditions were optimized.The catalyzing performance and recycle-ability of catalysts PAL-PILs were studied.
Heterogeneous poly(ionic liquids) catalyst on nanofiber-like palygorskite supports for biodiesel production
AbstractNew heterogeneous poly(ionic liquids) catalysts (PAL-PILs) were successfully prepared by grafting polymerization of acid ionic liquids (ILs) (1-butysulfonate-3-vinylimidazole hydrogen sulfate) onto nanofiber-like palygorskite (PAL) supports that had been, in advance, covalently modified by γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (OPAL). Using the ester yields and PILs grafting degrees as main indexes, the optimized immobilization conditions were that the mass ratio of OPAL to ILs monomer was 1:2, the immobilization temperature and time were 60°C and 30h, the initiator (2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) dosage was about 5wt%, respectively. Then, the esterification between methanol and oleic acid was carried out to investigate the catalytic properties of PAL-PILs. For the homogeneous ILs catalyst, the yield of methyl oleate was about 85%. For the PAL-PILs, on which only about 41% of ILs used in homogeneous catalysis was immobilized, the yield could reach over 69% after reacting only 5h at 75°C at atmospheric pressure, when the molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid is adjusted to 12:1. More importantly, the yield of methyl oleate still maintained at about 22% after 6 recycling experiments. Moreover, the PAL-PILs catalysts exhibited efficient catalytic properties and could be recycled easily. These results offer great potential for the PAL-PILs in the biodiesel production for further research.
Graphical abstract
HighlightsNanofiber-like palygorskite was selected as the support for heterogeneous catalysts.The polymerizable ionic liquids owned high density catalytic active sites.The immobilization reaction conditions were optimized.The catalyzing performance and recycle-ability of catalysts PAL-PILs were studied.
Heterogeneous poly(ionic liquids) catalyst on nanofiber-like palygorskite supports for biodiesel production
Zhang, Wen (author) / Li, Meisheng (author) / Wang, Jie (author) / Zhao, Yijiang (author) / Zhou, Shouyong (author) / Xing, Weihong (author)
Applied Clay Science ; 146 ; 167-175
2017-05-24
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Effect of heating on palygorskite and acid treated palygorskite properties
| British Library Online Contents | 2008
| British Library Online Contents | 2017