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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Virtual drill for indoor fire evacuations considering occupant physical collisions
Abstract Occupant physical collisions (OPCs) influence indoor fire evacuations. To enable occupants to respond to such collisions safely, a virtual drill method for indoor fire evacuations considering OPCs is proposed. First, a modeling solution using the building information modeling technology and a smoke visualization algorithm based on fire computational fluid dynamics simulations are designed, respectively, to create a reasonable and realistic indoor fire scene. Subsequently, an algorithm for the evacuation animation of non-player characters (NPCs) combining evacuation simulations and skeletal animations is designed to provide a dynamic scene of multi-occupant evacuations. Finally, a physical collision model between a trainee and NPCs is established based on a physics engine and the key parameters of this model are determined through real collision experiments of human subjects, so that the OPCs can be validly simulated. A case study of a virtual evacuation in a dormitory building demonstrates that the safest evacuation path differs significantly when OPCs are considered. The outcome of this study enables a trainee to experience OPCs in virtual multi-occupant evacuation drills and assists them to make safe evacuation decisions.
Highlights A virtual fire evacuation method considering occupant physical collision (OPC) is proposed. A reasonable and realistic scene of multi-occupant fire evacuations is constructed. OPC model is created based on a physics engine and a human collision experiment. OPCs can decrease evacuation efficiency significantly and alter the safest evacuation path. The proposed method can help trainees make safe evacuation decisions during indoor fires.
Virtual drill for indoor fire evacuations considering occupant physical collisions
Abstract Occupant physical collisions (OPCs) influence indoor fire evacuations. To enable occupants to respond to such collisions safely, a virtual drill method for indoor fire evacuations considering OPCs is proposed. First, a modeling solution using the building information modeling technology and a smoke visualization algorithm based on fire computational fluid dynamics simulations are designed, respectively, to create a reasonable and realistic indoor fire scene. Subsequently, an algorithm for the evacuation animation of non-player characters (NPCs) combining evacuation simulations and skeletal animations is designed to provide a dynamic scene of multi-occupant evacuations. Finally, a physical collision model between a trainee and NPCs is established based on a physics engine and the key parameters of this model are determined through real collision experiments of human subjects, so that the OPCs can be validly simulated. A case study of a virtual evacuation in a dormitory building demonstrates that the safest evacuation path differs significantly when OPCs are considered. The outcome of this study enables a trainee to experience OPCs in virtual multi-occupant evacuation drills and assists them to make safe evacuation decisions.
Highlights A virtual fire evacuation method considering occupant physical collision (OPC) is proposed. A reasonable and realistic scene of multi-occupant fire evacuations is constructed. OPC model is created based on a physics engine and a human collision experiment. OPCs can decrease evacuation efficiency significantly and alter the safest evacuation path. The proposed method can help trainees make safe evacuation decisions during indoor fires.
Virtual drill for indoor fire evacuations considering occupant physical collisions
Xu, Zhen (author) / Wei, Wei (author) / Jin, Wei (author) / Xue, Qiao-rui (author)
2019-10-17
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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