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Extending the Brick schema to represent metadata of occupants
Abstract Energy-related behaviors of occupants constitute a key factor influencing building performance; accordingly, the measured occupant data can support the objective assessment of the indoor environment and energy performance of buildings, which can inform building design and operational decisions. Existing data schemas focus on metadata of sensors, meters, physical equipment, and IoT devices in buildings; however, they are limited in representing the metadata of occupant data, including occupants' presence in spaces, movement between spaces, interactions with building systems or IoT devices, and preference of indoor environmental needs. To address this gap, an extension to the widely adopted metadata schema, Brick, is proposed to represent the contextual, behavioral, and demographic information of occupants. The proposed extension includes four parts: (1) a new “Occupant” class to represent occupants' demography and energy related behavioral patterns, (2) new subclasses under the Equipment class to represent envelope system and personal thermal comfort devices, (3) new subclasses under the Point class to represent occupant sensing and status, and (4) new auxiliary properties for occupant interactable equipment to represent the level of controllability for each piece of equipment by occupants. The extension is implemented in the Brick schema and has been tested using multiple occupant datasets from the ASHRAE Global Occupant Database. The extension enables Brick schema to capture diverse types of occupant sensing data and their metadata for FAIR data research and applications.
Highlights An extension to the Brick schema was proposed to represent metadata of occupants. A new Occupant class is added to represent occupant demographic, behavior, and contextual information. Two new subclasses are added to the Equipment and Point classes to represent occupant sensing and data points. Human building/equipment interactions and degree of controls are added. The extension enables Brick's use for occupant-centric building operation and controls.
Extending the Brick schema to represent metadata of occupants
Abstract Energy-related behaviors of occupants constitute a key factor influencing building performance; accordingly, the measured occupant data can support the objective assessment of the indoor environment and energy performance of buildings, which can inform building design and operational decisions. Existing data schemas focus on metadata of sensors, meters, physical equipment, and IoT devices in buildings; however, they are limited in representing the metadata of occupant data, including occupants' presence in spaces, movement between spaces, interactions with building systems or IoT devices, and preference of indoor environmental needs. To address this gap, an extension to the widely adopted metadata schema, Brick, is proposed to represent the contextual, behavioral, and demographic information of occupants. The proposed extension includes four parts: (1) a new “Occupant” class to represent occupants' demography and energy related behavioral patterns, (2) new subclasses under the Equipment class to represent envelope system and personal thermal comfort devices, (3) new subclasses under the Point class to represent occupant sensing and status, and (4) new auxiliary properties for occupant interactable equipment to represent the level of controllability for each piece of equipment by occupants. The extension is implemented in the Brick schema and has been tested using multiple occupant datasets from the ASHRAE Global Occupant Database. The extension enables Brick schema to capture diverse types of occupant sensing data and their metadata for FAIR data research and applications.
Highlights An extension to the Brick schema was proposed to represent metadata of occupants. A new Occupant class is added to represent occupant demographic, behavior, and contextual information. Two new subclasses are added to the Equipment and Point classes to represent occupant sensing and data points. Human building/equipment interactions and degree of controls are added. The extension enables Brick's use for occupant-centric building operation and controls.
Extending the Brick schema to represent metadata of occupants
Luo, Na (author) / Fierro, Gabe (author) / Liu, Yapan (author) / Dong, Bing (author) / Hong, Tianzhen (author)
2022-04-29
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Brick schema , Occupant metadata , Human building interaction , Occupant behavior , Interoperability , Data model , ASHRAE , American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers , BPS , Building Performance Simulation , DNAS , Drivers, Needs, Actions, Systems , EBC , Energy in Buildings and Communities , FAIR , Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable , HBI , Human Building Interaction , HVAC , Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning , IEA , International Energy Agency , IoT , Internet of Things , LBNL , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , NREL , National Renewable Energy Laboratory , obXML , occupant behavior eXtensible Markup Language , ORNL , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , PNNL , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , ppm , parts per million , VAV , Variable Air Volume
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