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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
The Netherlands without engineering geology: No lands
Abstract Through the ages, The Netherlands have been struggling with encroaching water, both from the sea, from rivers and from the ground. The western part of the country, where the majority of the population is living, is situated almost entirely below sea level. Without the protection of dunes and sea dikes in the west, without the river dikes in the centre and the east, and without constant pumping. Holland would drown immediately. Because large parts of the country are composed of a thick succession of unconsolidated younger Quaternary (Holocene) deposits, almost all constructions have to be built on a foundation of piles driven down to firm Pleistocene sands to support them. These exceptional geographical, hydrological and geological conditions have prompted extensive studies in soil-mechanical engineering, and have generated special surveying techniques and special geological mapping techniques in areas where natural outcrops do not occur. In a densely populated and low-lying country with soft deposits, maintenance of the coastal defence system and foundation instability are major problems which can be mitigated by a sound knowledge of engineering geology. Some projects intended to focus attention on and to promote engineering geology in The Netherlands are described in the last section of this paper.
The Netherlands without engineering geology: No lands
Abstract Through the ages, The Netherlands have been struggling with encroaching water, both from the sea, from rivers and from the ground. The western part of the country, where the majority of the population is living, is situated almost entirely below sea level. Without the protection of dunes and sea dikes in the west, without the river dikes in the centre and the east, and without constant pumping. Holland would drown immediately. Because large parts of the country are composed of a thick succession of unconsolidated younger Quaternary (Holocene) deposits, almost all constructions have to be built on a foundation of piles driven down to firm Pleistocene sands to support them. These exceptional geographical, hydrological and geological conditions have prompted extensive studies in soil-mechanical engineering, and have generated special surveying techniques and special geological mapping techniques in areas where natural outcrops do not occur. In a densely populated and low-lying country with soft deposits, maintenance of the coastal defence system and foundation instability are major problems which can be mitigated by a sound knowledge of engineering geology. Some projects intended to focus attention on and to promote engineering geology in The Netherlands are described in the last section of this paper.
The Netherlands without engineering geology: No lands
de Mulder, E.F.J. (author)
Engineering Geology ; 37 ; 5-14
1993-10-20
10 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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