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Narcotic mechanisms of acute toxicity of chlorinated anilines in Folsomia candida (Collembola) revealed by gene expression analysis
Abstract In order to clarify the mechanisms of reproductive toxicity in a QSAR approach, the transcriptional signatures upon the 2day exposure to the 28days EC50 of a series of increasingly chlorinated aniline compounds and 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene were measured in Folsomia candida. In general, the transcriptional patterns associated with all compounds revealed toxicity at the cellular membranes and hence components of narcosis type I, but a principal component analysis revealed a deviating response by the pentachloroaniline and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline exposure. Moreover the expression of a subset of mainly biotransformation related genes showed a significant relationship with the logKow, which stresses the presence of narcosis type I. This was confirmed by GO term enrichment at the level of cellular component. Genes involved in the three phases of xenobiotic biotransformation exhibited strict compound specific transcription patterns, which may reflect biotransformation processes in F. candida. Additional toxic mechanisms were especially observed for the 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline, which possible works as an uncoupler or inhibitor of electron transport systems, which is revealed by the up-regulation of genes that encode different members of the electron transport chain. The aniline and 2,3,4-trichloroaniline exposure caused the induction of genes in the ROS defense system. Additional toxicity mechanisms were less clear, but they include the attack of microbial pathogens for the six other compounds and for 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline an effect on mitochondrial protein folding.
Research highlights ► The transcriptional response of biotransformation-related genes in Folsomia candida to chloroanilines is associated with logKow. ► However, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline acted as an uncoupler of electron transport systems. ► Aniline and 2,3,4-trichloroaniline induced ROS defense genes. ► The distinction between class I and II type of narcotizing compounds was not confirmed at the molecular/transcriptomic level.
Narcotic mechanisms of acute toxicity of chlorinated anilines in Folsomia candida (Collembola) revealed by gene expression analysis
Abstract In order to clarify the mechanisms of reproductive toxicity in a QSAR approach, the transcriptional signatures upon the 2day exposure to the 28days EC50 of a series of increasingly chlorinated aniline compounds and 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene were measured in Folsomia candida. In general, the transcriptional patterns associated with all compounds revealed toxicity at the cellular membranes and hence components of narcosis type I, but a principal component analysis revealed a deviating response by the pentachloroaniline and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline exposure. Moreover the expression of a subset of mainly biotransformation related genes showed a significant relationship with the logKow, which stresses the presence of narcosis type I. This was confirmed by GO term enrichment at the level of cellular component. Genes involved in the three phases of xenobiotic biotransformation exhibited strict compound specific transcription patterns, which may reflect biotransformation processes in F. candida. Additional toxic mechanisms were especially observed for the 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline, which possible works as an uncoupler or inhibitor of electron transport systems, which is revealed by the up-regulation of genes that encode different members of the electron transport chain. The aniline and 2,3,4-trichloroaniline exposure caused the induction of genes in the ROS defense system. Additional toxicity mechanisms were less clear, but they include the attack of microbial pathogens for the six other compounds and for 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline an effect on mitochondrial protein folding.
Research highlights ► The transcriptional response of biotransformation-related genes in Folsomia candida to chloroanilines is associated with logKow. ► However, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline acted as an uncoupler of electron transport systems. ► Aniline and 2,3,4-trichloroaniline induced ROS defense genes. ► The distinction between class I and II type of narcotizing compounds was not confirmed at the molecular/transcriptomic level.
Narcotic mechanisms of acute toxicity of chlorinated anilines in Folsomia candida (Collembola) revealed by gene expression analysis
Janssens, T.K.S. (author) / Giesen, D. (author) / Mariën, J. (author) / van Straalen, N.M. (author) / van Gestel, C.A.M. (author) / Roelofs, D. (author)
Environmental International ; 37 ; 929-939
2011-03-16
11 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English