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Particulate and gas-phase products from the atmospheric degradation of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-7327
Abstract The phosphorothioate structure is highly present in several pesticides. However, there is a lack of information about its degradation process in air and the secondary pollutants formed. Herein, the atmospheric reactions of chlorpyrifos, one of the most world-used insecticide, and its main degradation product – chlorpyrifos-oxon – are described. The photo-oxidation under the presence of NOx was studied in a large outdoor simulation chamber for both chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon, observing a rapid degradation (Half lifetime < 3.5 h for both compounds). Also, the photolysis reactions of both were studied. The formation of particulate matter (aerosol mass yield ranged 6–59%) and gaseous products were monitored. The chemical composition of minor products was studied, identifying 15 multi-oxygenated derivatives. The most abundant products were ring-retaining molecules such as 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-ol and ethyl 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl hydrogen phosphate. An atmospheric degradation mechanism has been amplified based on an oxidation started with OH-nucleophilic attack to PS bond.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Atmospheric OH-reaction and photolysis of organothiophosphorus. Reaction profiles and yields of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon determined. Phosphorothioate derivatives were the main degradation products observed. The degradation routes were formulated based on the structurally defined products.
Particulate and gas-phase products from the atmospheric degradation of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-7327
Abstract The phosphorothioate structure is highly present in several pesticides. However, there is a lack of information about its degradation process in air and the secondary pollutants formed. Herein, the atmospheric reactions of chlorpyrifos, one of the most world-used insecticide, and its main degradation product – chlorpyrifos-oxon – are described. The photo-oxidation under the presence of NOx was studied in a large outdoor simulation chamber for both chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon, observing a rapid degradation (Half lifetime < 3.5 h for both compounds). Also, the photolysis reactions of both were studied. The formation of particulate matter (aerosol mass yield ranged 6–59%) and gaseous products were monitored. The chemical composition of minor products was studied, identifying 15 multi-oxygenated derivatives. The most abundant products were ring-retaining molecules such as 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-ol and ethyl 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl hydrogen phosphate. An atmospheric degradation mechanism has been amplified based on an oxidation started with OH-nucleophilic attack to PS bond.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Atmospheric OH-reaction and photolysis of organothiophosphorus. Reaction profiles and yields of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon determined. Phosphorothioate derivatives were the main degradation products observed. The degradation routes were formulated based on the structurally defined products.
Particulate and gas-phase products from the atmospheric degradation of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-7327
Abstract The phosphorothioate structure is highly present in several pesticides. However, there is a lack of information about its degradation process in air and the secondary pollutants formed. Herein, the atmospheric reactions of chlorpyrifos, one of the most world-used insecticide, and its main degradation product – chlorpyrifos-oxon – are described. The photo-oxidation under the presence of NOx was studied in a large outdoor simulation chamber for both chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon, observing a rapid degradation (Half lifetime < 3.5 h for both compounds). Also, the photolysis reactions of both were studied. The formation of particulate matter (aerosol mass yield ranged 6–59%) and gaseous products were monitored. The chemical composition of minor products was studied, identifying 15 multi-oxygenated derivatives. The most abundant products were ring-retaining molecules such as 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-ol and ethyl 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl hydrogen phosphate. An atmospheric degradation mechanism has been amplified based on an oxidation started with OH-nucleophilic attack to PS bond.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Atmospheric OH-reaction and photolysis of organothiophosphorus. Reaction profiles and yields of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon determined. Phosphorothioate derivatives were the main degradation products observed. The degradation routes were formulated based on the structurally defined products.
Particulate and gas-phase products from the atmospheric degradation of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon
Borrás, Esther (author) / Ródenas, Milagros (author) / Vázquez, Mónica (author) / Vera, Teresa (author) / Muñoz, Amalia (author)
Atmospheric Environment ; 123 ; 112-120
2015-10-17
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
| Springer Verlag | 2014
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