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Adsoption of two vaccine-related proteins to montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite
AbstractAdsorption of proteins to clay minerals is widely studied, mostly in agricultural issues, due to its importance in soil. The poultry industry experiences an increasing need for new generations of effective vaccines, requiring minimal handling of bird during administration. Among the problems of vaccination with genetically engineered vaccines is low immunogenicity. Therefore, the development of effective adjuvants for vaccination is a central task. In addition, oral administration of vaccines is more convenient and economic for the poultry industry. The modified heat-labile eteroxin (LT) protein was found to be a safe and immunogenic adjuvant, and showed the ability to enhance immune responses against an antigen co-administered with, for example—the viral protein 2 (VP2). As a model of a possible combination for an oral administrated vaccine, adsorption of VP2 and LT on SWy-2 montmorillonite and on an organo-montmorillonite (berberine adsorbed on SWy-2) were tested. Results of this multidisciplinary study, which combines methods used in clay mineral studies with biological assays, prove feasibility to attach two vaccine-related proteins to organoclay mineral particles, yielding close vicinity between the proteins that may lead to an immune response via the monosialoganglioside (GM1) receptor. Such complexes may be used as vaccine carriers to stimulate desired immune responses.
Research Highlights► Poultry industry experiences need for new generations of effective vaccines. ► Adsorption of VP2 and LT to montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite were tested. ► Modifying the clay mineral was crucial for efficient co-adsorption of both proteins. ► ELISA assay demonstrates biological activity of the VP2-LT-BER SWy2 complex. ► Results prove feasibility to attach vaccine-related proteins to berberine-SWy2.
Adsoption of two vaccine-related proteins to montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite
AbstractAdsorption of proteins to clay minerals is widely studied, mostly in agricultural issues, due to its importance in soil. The poultry industry experiences an increasing need for new generations of effective vaccines, requiring minimal handling of bird during administration. Among the problems of vaccination with genetically engineered vaccines is low immunogenicity. Therefore, the development of effective adjuvants for vaccination is a central task. In addition, oral administration of vaccines is more convenient and economic for the poultry industry. The modified heat-labile eteroxin (LT) protein was found to be a safe and immunogenic adjuvant, and showed the ability to enhance immune responses against an antigen co-administered with, for example—the viral protein 2 (VP2). As a model of a possible combination for an oral administrated vaccine, adsorption of VP2 and LT on SWy-2 montmorillonite and on an organo-montmorillonite (berberine adsorbed on SWy-2) were tested. Results of this multidisciplinary study, which combines methods used in clay mineral studies with biological assays, prove feasibility to attach two vaccine-related proteins to organoclay mineral particles, yielding close vicinity between the proteins that may lead to an immune response via the monosialoganglioside (GM1) receptor. Such complexes may be used as vaccine carriers to stimulate desired immune responses.
Research Highlights► Poultry industry experiences need for new generations of effective vaccines. ► Adsorption of VP2 and LT to montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite were tested. ► Modifying the clay mineral was crucial for efficient co-adsorption of both proteins. ► ELISA assay demonstrates biological activity of the VP2-LT-BER SWy2 complex. ► Results prove feasibility to attach vaccine-related proteins to berberine-SWy2.
Adsoption of two vaccine-related proteins to montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite
Rytwo, Giora (author) / Mendelovits, Asaf (author) / Eliyahu, Dalia (author) / Pitcovski, Jacob (author) / Aizenshtein, Elina (author)
Applied Clay Science ; 50 ; 569-575
2010-10-17
7 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
BER , berberine , BER-SWy-2 , organo-montmorillonite with 0.76<hsp></hsp>mol<hsp></hsp>BER<hsp></hsp>kg<sup>−1</sup> SWy-2 clay , CEC , cation exchange capacity , ddw , twice distilled water , FTIR , Fourier transform infrared , GM1 , monosialoganglioside , HRP , horseradish peroxidase , IBDV , infectious bursal disease virus , IP , isoelectric point , LT , heat-labile enterotoxin , OD , optical density , PBS , phosphate buffered saline , PCD , particle charge detector , STDV , standard deviation , SWy-2 , Wyoming montmorillonite , UV–Vis , ultraviolet and visible , VP2 , viral protein 2 , XRD , X-ray diffraction , Adsorption , Organoclay , Montmorillonite , Vaccination , Protein , Berberine
Adsoption of two vaccine-related proteins to montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite
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