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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Detecting gas pipeline leaks in sandy soil with fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2589-7160
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5606-8037
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-0667
Highlights Demonstrated fiber-optic DAS for pinhole leak detection in buried gas pipelines. Described soil morphological changes (cavities, uplift, fissures) induced by leakage. Identified two signal sources: dynamic soil straining, gas–fiber friction. Examined impacts of factors on DAS detection performance.
Abstract Detecting pinhole leaks in long-haul buried gas pipelines is challenging due to weak leak signals and large spans. Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology offers highly sensitive long-distance monitoring. This study evaluates DAS for detecting pinhole gas leaks in pipelines buried in sandy soil. Controlled experiments examined the effects of pipe-to-fiber distance, fiber position, leak direction, gas pressure, and leak diameter. Pressurized gas erodes the overlying soil, forming cavities and fissures that change soil morphology. Gas preferentially diffuses upward; an optical fiber above the pipe has the highest sensitivity regardless of leak direction and should be deployed above pipelines. Two mechanisms produce DAS-recorded leak vibration signals: dynamic soil straining and gas–fiber friction. Vibration energy from dynamic soil motion concentrates at 60–120 Hz while gas–fiber friction exhibits a broader spectral response. Increasing gas pressure or leak diameter increases detected vibration power but decreases peak frequency and proportion generated by soil strain, indicating a shift toward gas–fiber friction as the dominant mechanism. These results inform improved pinhole leak monitoring in buried gas pipelines using DAS technology.
Detecting gas pipeline leaks in sandy soil with fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2589-7160
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5606-8037
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-0667
Highlights Demonstrated fiber-optic DAS for pinhole leak detection in buried gas pipelines. Described soil morphological changes (cavities, uplift, fissures) induced by leakage. Identified two signal sources: dynamic soil straining, gas–fiber friction. Examined impacts of factors on DAS detection performance.
Abstract Detecting pinhole leaks in long-haul buried gas pipelines is challenging due to weak leak signals and large spans. Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology offers highly sensitive long-distance monitoring. This study evaluates DAS for detecting pinhole gas leaks in pipelines buried in sandy soil. Controlled experiments examined the effects of pipe-to-fiber distance, fiber position, leak direction, gas pressure, and leak diameter. Pressurized gas erodes the overlying soil, forming cavities and fissures that change soil morphology. Gas preferentially diffuses upward; an optical fiber above the pipe has the highest sensitivity regardless of leak direction and should be deployed above pipelines. Two mechanisms produce DAS-recorded leak vibration signals: dynamic soil straining and gas–fiber friction. Vibration energy from dynamic soil motion concentrates at 60–120 Hz while gas–fiber friction exhibits a broader spectral response. Increasing gas pressure or leak diameter increases detected vibration power but decreases peak frequency and proportion generated by soil strain, indicating a shift toward gas–fiber friction as the dominant mechanism. These results inform improved pinhole leak monitoring in buried gas pipelines using DAS technology.
Detecting gas pipeline leaks in sandy soil with fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2589-7160
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5606-8037
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-0667
Highlights Demonstrated fiber-optic DAS for pinhole leak detection in buried gas pipelines. Described soil morphological changes (cavities, uplift, fissures) induced by leakage. Identified two signal sources: dynamic soil straining, gas–fiber friction. Examined impacts of factors on DAS detection performance.
Abstract Detecting pinhole leaks in long-haul buried gas pipelines is challenging due to weak leak signals and large spans. Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology offers highly sensitive long-distance monitoring. This study evaluates DAS for detecting pinhole gas leaks in pipelines buried in sandy soil. Controlled experiments examined the effects of pipe-to-fiber distance, fiber position, leak direction, gas pressure, and leak diameter. Pressurized gas erodes the overlying soil, forming cavities and fissures that change soil morphology. Gas preferentially diffuses upward; an optical fiber above the pipe has the highest sensitivity regardless of leak direction and should be deployed above pipelines. Two mechanisms produce DAS-recorded leak vibration signals: dynamic soil straining and gas–fiber friction. Vibration energy from dynamic soil motion concentrates at 60–120 Hz while gas–fiber friction exhibits a broader spectral response. Increasing gas pressure or leak diameter increases detected vibration power but decreases peak frequency and proportion generated by soil strain, indicating a shift toward gas–fiber friction as the dominant mechanism. These results inform improved pinhole leak monitoring in buried gas pipelines using DAS technology.
Detecting gas pipeline leaks in sandy soil with fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing
Chen, Zhuo (author) / Zhang, Cheng-Cheng (author) / Shi, Bin (author) / Zhang, Yan (author) / Wang, Zheng (author) / Wang, Hao (author) / Xie, Tao (author)
2023-08-15
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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