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Emission of artificial sweeteners, select pharmaceuticals, and personal care products through sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Korea
Abstract Concern over the occurrence of artificial sweeteners (ASWs) as well as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment is growing, due to their high use and potential adverse effects on non-target organisms. The data for this study are drawn from a nationwide survey of ASWs in sewage sludge from 40 representative wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that receive domestic (WWTPD), industrial (WWTPI), or mixed (domestic plus industrial; WWTPM) wastewaters in Korea. Five ASWs (concentrations ranged from 7.08 to 5220ng/g dry weight [dw]) and ten PPCPs (4.95–6930ng/g dw) were determined in sludge. Aspartame (concentrations ranged from 28.4 to 5220ng/g dw) was determined for the first time in sewage sludge. The median concentrations of ASWs and PPCPs in sludge from domestic WWTPs were 0.8–2.5 and 1.0–3.4 times, respectively, the concentrations found in WWTPs that receive combined domestic and industrial wastewaters. Among the five ASWs analyzed, the median environmental emission rates of aspartame through domestic WWTPs (both sludge and effluent discharges combined) were calculated to be 417μg/capita/day, followed by sucralose (117μg/capita/day), acesulfame (90μg/capita/day), and saccharin (66μg/capita/day). The per-capita emission rates of select PPCPs, such as antimicrobials (triclocarban: 158μg/capita/day) and analgesics (acetaminophen: 59μg/capita/day), were an order of magnitude higher than those calculated for antimycotic (miconazole) and anthelmintic (thiabendazole) drugs analyzed in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis of measured concentrations of ASWs and PPCPs in sludge revealed that several WWTP parameters, such as treatment capacity, population-served, sludge production rate, and hydraulic retention time could influence the concentrations found in sludge.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Five artificial sweeteners and 10 PPCPs were determined in sludge from Korean WWTPs. Per-capita emission of aspartame was the highest among 5 artificial sweeteners. Per-capita emission of triclocarban and acetaminophen were the highest among 15 compounds analyzed.
Emission of artificial sweeteners, select pharmaceuticals, and personal care products through sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Korea
Abstract Concern over the occurrence of artificial sweeteners (ASWs) as well as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment is growing, due to their high use and potential adverse effects on non-target organisms. The data for this study are drawn from a nationwide survey of ASWs in sewage sludge from 40 representative wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) that receive domestic (WWTPD), industrial (WWTPI), or mixed (domestic plus industrial; WWTPM) wastewaters in Korea. Five ASWs (concentrations ranged from 7.08 to 5220ng/g dry weight [dw]) and ten PPCPs (4.95–6930ng/g dw) were determined in sludge. Aspartame (concentrations ranged from 28.4 to 5220ng/g dw) was determined for the first time in sewage sludge. The median concentrations of ASWs and PPCPs in sludge from domestic WWTPs were 0.8–2.5 and 1.0–3.4 times, respectively, the concentrations found in WWTPs that receive combined domestic and industrial wastewaters. Among the five ASWs analyzed, the median environmental emission rates of aspartame through domestic WWTPs (both sludge and effluent discharges combined) were calculated to be 417μg/capita/day, followed by sucralose (117μg/capita/day), acesulfame (90μg/capita/day), and saccharin (66μg/capita/day). The per-capita emission rates of select PPCPs, such as antimicrobials (triclocarban: 158μg/capita/day) and analgesics (acetaminophen: 59μg/capita/day), were an order of magnitude higher than those calculated for antimycotic (miconazole) and anthelmintic (thiabendazole) drugs analyzed in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis of measured concentrations of ASWs and PPCPs in sludge revealed that several WWTP parameters, such as treatment capacity, population-served, sludge production rate, and hydraulic retention time could influence the concentrations found in sludge.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Five artificial sweeteners and 10 PPCPs were determined in sludge from Korean WWTPs. Per-capita emission of aspartame was the highest among 5 artificial sweeteners. Per-capita emission of triclocarban and acetaminophen were the highest among 15 compounds analyzed.
Emission of artificial sweeteners, select pharmaceuticals, and personal care products through sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Korea
Subedi, Bikram (author) / Lee, Sunggyu (author) / Moon, Hyo-Bang (author) / Kannan, Kurunthachalam (author)
Environmental International ; 68 ; 33-40
2014-03-06
8 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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