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Seasonal effects on hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and human health risks in radon-contaminated groundwater areas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-7327
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Radon-contaminated groundwater is severe problem worldwide. Hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and health risk were assessed. Health risk and pollution assessment using radon are sufficient in rainy season. Radon, fluoride, and microbial data should be concurrently analyzed in dry season. Seasonal effect is important for effective management of radon-contaminated zones.
Abstract Groundwater is an important human resource. Daejeon in South Korea faces severe water quality issues, including radon, uranium, and fluoride pollution, all of which pose health risks to humans. With climate change, threats to potable water, such as heavy rain and typhoons, have become common. Therefore, examining the seasonal effects on groundwater quality and resultant health risks is important for understanding the mechanisms of different hydroclimatological conditions to enable the implementation of sustainable management plans in radon-contaminated groundwater areas. However, this issue has not yet been studied. To bridge this gap, in this study, major ions and microbial community structures were employed and groundwater quality index (GWQI) were calculated with hazard index based on limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) to investigate the hydrochemical characterization and to assess pollution levels. The results showed that the rainy season had distinct hydrochemical characteristics with high correlations between radon and fluoride, and most groundwater samples collected after the typhoon had characteristics similar to those collected during the dry season, owing to the flow path. Furthermore, the microbial diversity and hazard quotient (HQ) values of fluoride revealed that pollution worsened during the dry season. All of the calculated effective dose values of radon exceeded the threshold limit set by the WHO, despite the low GWQI. Infants and children were particularly susceptible to radon-contaminated groundwater. The statistical results of self-organizing map (SOM) suggested that radon analysis was sufficient for public health intervention in the rainy season; however, in the dry season, combined analyses of radon, fluoride, and microbial diversity played important roles in health risk assessment. Our study presents a comprehensive understanding of radon-contaminated groundwater characteristics under seasonal effects and can serve as a reference for other similar zones to provide significant insights into the effective management of radon contamination.
Seasonal effects on hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and human health risks in radon-contaminated groundwater areas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-7327
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Radon-contaminated groundwater is severe problem worldwide. Hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and health risk were assessed. Health risk and pollution assessment using radon are sufficient in rainy season. Radon, fluoride, and microbial data should be concurrently analyzed in dry season. Seasonal effect is important for effective management of radon-contaminated zones.
Abstract Groundwater is an important human resource. Daejeon in South Korea faces severe water quality issues, including radon, uranium, and fluoride pollution, all of which pose health risks to humans. With climate change, threats to potable water, such as heavy rain and typhoons, have become common. Therefore, examining the seasonal effects on groundwater quality and resultant health risks is important for understanding the mechanisms of different hydroclimatological conditions to enable the implementation of sustainable management plans in radon-contaminated groundwater areas. However, this issue has not yet been studied. To bridge this gap, in this study, major ions and microbial community structures were employed and groundwater quality index (GWQI) were calculated with hazard index based on limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) to investigate the hydrochemical characterization and to assess pollution levels. The results showed that the rainy season had distinct hydrochemical characteristics with high correlations between radon and fluoride, and most groundwater samples collected after the typhoon had characteristics similar to those collected during the dry season, owing to the flow path. Furthermore, the microbial diversity and hazard quotient (HQ) values of fluoride revealed that pollution worsened during the dry season. All of the calculated effective dose values of radon exceeded the threshold limit set by the WHO, despite the low GWQI. Infants and children were particularly susceptible to radon-contaminated groundwater. The statistical results of self-organizing map (SOM) suggested that radon analysis was sufficient for public health intervention in the rainy season; however, in the dry season, combined analyses of radon, fluoride, and microbial diversity played important roles in health risk assessment. Our study presents a comprehensive understanding of radon-contaminated groundwater characteristics under seasonal effects and can serve as a reference for other similar zones to provide significant insights into the effective management of radon contamination.
Seasonal effects on hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and human health risks in radon-contaminated groundwater areas
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-7327
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Radon-contaminated groundwater is severe problem worldwide. Hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and health risk were assessed. Health risk and pollution assessment using radon are sufficient in rainy season. Radon, fluoride, and microbial data should be concurrently analyzed in dry season. Seasonal effect is important for effective management of radon-contaminated zones.
Abstract Groundwater is an important human resource. Daejeon in South Korea faces severe water quality issues, including radon, uranium, and fluoride pollution, all of which pose health risks to humans. With climate change, threats to potable water, such as heavy rain and typhoons, have become common. Therefore, examining the seasonal effects on groundwater quality and resultant health risks is important for understanding the mechanisms of different hydroclimatological conditions to enable the implementation of sustainable management plans in radon-contaminated groundwater areas. However, this issue has not yet been studied. To bridge this gap, in this study, major ions and microbial community structures were employed and groundwater quality index (GWQI) were calculated with hazard index based on limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) to investigate the hydrochemical characterization and to assess pollution levels. The results showed that the rainy season had distinct hydrochemical characteristics with high correlations between radon and fluoride, and most groundwater samples collected after the typhoon had characteristics similar to those collected during the dry season, owing to the flow path. Furthermore, the microbial diversity and hazard quotient (HQ) values of fluoride revealed that pollution worsened during the dry season. All of the calculated effective dose values of radon exceeded the threshold limit set by the WHO, despite the low GWQI. Infants and children were particularly susceptible to radon-contaminated groundwater. The statistical results of self-organizing map (SOM) suggested that radon analysis was sufficient for public health intervention in the rainy season; however, in the dry season, combined analyses of radon, fluoride, and microbial diversity played important roles in health risk assessment. Our study presents a comprehensive understanding of radon-contaminated groundwater characteristics under seasonal effects and can serve as a reference for other similar zones to provide significant insights into the effective management of radon contamination.
Seasonal effects on hydrochemistry, microbial diversity, and human health risks in radon-contaminated groundwater areas
Kim, Jaeyeon (author) / Lee, Kang-Kun (author)
2023-07-12
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Radon-contaminated groundwater , Fluoride analysis , Microbial community structure , Health risk assessment , Groundwater quality index , Climate change , WHO , World Health Organization , GWQI , groundwater quality index , HQ , hazard quotient , SOM , self-organizing map , EC , electrical conductivity , DO , dissolved oxygen , TDS , total dissolved solids , OTUs , operational taxonomic units
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