A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Measurements of exhaled airflow velocity through human coughs using particle image velocimetry
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-7241
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2317-6012
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-8517
Abstract The sudden outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) has infected over 100 million people and led to over two million deaths (data in January 2021), posing a significant threat to global human health. As a potential carrier of the novel coronavirus, the exhaled airflow of infected individuals through coughs is significant in virus transmission. The research of detailed airflow characteristics and velocity distributions is insufficient because most previous studies utilize particle image velocimetry (PIV) with low frequency. This study measured the airflow velocity of human coughs in a chamber using PIV with high frequency (interval: 1/2986 s) to provide a detailed validation database for droplet propagation CFD simulation. Sixty cough cases for ten young healthy nonsmoking volunteers (five males and five females) were analyzed. Ensemble-average operations were conducted to eliminate individual variations. Vertical and horizontal velocity distributions were measured around the mouth area. Overall cough characteristics such as cough duration time (CDT), peak velocity time (PVT), maximum velocities, and cough spread angle were obtained. The CDT of the cough airflow was 520–560 m s, while PVT was 20 m s. The male/female averaged maximum velocities were 15.2/13.1 m/s. The average vertical/horizontal cough spread angle was 15.3°/13.3° for males and 15.6°/14.2° for females. In addition, the spatial and temporal distributions of ensemble-averaged velocity profiles were obtained in the vertical and horizontal directions. The experimental data can provide a detailed validation database the basis for further study on the influence of cough airflow on virus transmission using computational fluid dynamic simulations.
Highlights Cough airflow velocities were measured using PIV with high frequency. 60 cough cases from 10 subjects were measured in vertical and horizontal directions. The maximum velocities were 15.2 and 13.1 m/s for males and females, respectively. Spatial and temporal distribution profiles of ensemble-averaged velocity were obtained. The vertical/horizontal cough spread angle was 15.3°/13.3° for males and 15.6°/14.2° for females.
Measurements of exhaled airflow velocity through human coughs using particle image velocimetry
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-7241
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2317-6012
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-8517
Abstract The sudden outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) has infected over 100 million people and led to over two million deaths (data in January 2021), posing a significant threat to global human health. As a potential carrier of the novel coronavirus, the exhaled airflow of infected individuals through coughs is significant in virus transmission. The research of detailed airflow characteristics and velocity distributions is insufficient because most previous studies utilize particle image velocimetry (PIV) with low frequency. This study measured the airflow velocity of human coughs in a chamber using PIV with high frequency (interval: 1/2986 s) to provide a detailed validation database for droplet propagation CFD simulation. Sixty cough cases for ten young healthy nonsmoking volunteers (five males and five females) were analyzed. Ensemble-average operations were conducted to eliminate individual variations. Vertical and horizontal velocity distributions were measured around the mouth area. Overall cough characteristics such as cough duration time (CDT), peak velocity time (PVT), maximum velocities, and cough spread angle were obtained. The CDT of the cough airflow was 520–560 m s, while PVT was 20 m s. The male/female averaged maximum velocities were 15.2/13.1 m/s. The average vertical/horizontal cough spread angle was 15.3°/13.3° for males and 15.6°/14.2° for females. In addition, the spatial and temporal distributions of ensemble-averaged velocity profiles were obtained in the vertical and horizontal directions. The experimental data can provide a detailed validation database the basis for further study on the influence of cough airflow on virus transmission using computational fluid dynamic simulations.
Highlights Cough airflow velocities were measured using PIV with high frequency. 60 cough cases from 10 subjects were measured in vertical and horizontal directions. The maximum velocities were 15.2 and 13.1 m/s for males and females, respectively. Spatial and temporal distribution profiles of ensemble-averaged velocity were obtained. The vertical/horizontal cough spread angle was 15.3°/13.3° for males and 15.6°/14.2° for females.
Measurements of exhaled airflow velocity through human coughs using particle image velocimetry
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-7241
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2317-6012
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-8517
Abstract The sudden outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) has infected over 100 million people and led to over two million deaths (data in January 2021), posing a significant threat to global human health. As a potential carrier of the novel coronavirus, the exhaled airflow of infected individuals through coughs is significant in virus transmission. The research of detailed airflow characteristics and velocity distributions is insufficient because most previous studies utilize particle image velocimetry (PIV) with low frequency. This study measured the airflow velocity of human coughs in a chamber using PIV with high frequency (interval: 1/2986 s) to provide a detailed validation database for droplet propagation CFD simulation. Sixty cough cases for ten young healthy nonsmoking volunteers (five males and five females) were analyzed. Ensemble-average operations were conducted to eliminate individual variations. Vertical and horizontal velocity distributions were measured around the mouth area. Overall cough characteristics such as cough duration time (CDT), peak velocity time (PVT), maximum velocities, and cough spread angle were obtained. The CDT of the cough airflow was 520–560 m s, while PVT was 20 m s. The male/female averaged maximum velocities were 15.2/13.1 m/s. The average vertical/horizontal cough spread angle was 15.3°/13.3° for males and 15.6°/14.2° for females. In addition, the spatial and temporal distributions of ensemble-averaged velocity profiles were obtained in the vertical and horizontal directions. The experimental data can provide a detailed validation database the basis for further study on the influence of cough airflow on virus transmission using computational fluid dynamic simulations.
Highlights Cough airflow velocities were measured using PIV with high frequency. 60 cough cases from 10 subjects were measured in vertical and horizontal directions. The maximum velocities were 15.2 and 13.1 m/s for males and females, respectively. Spatial and temporal distribution profiles of ensemble-averaged velocity were obtained. The vertical/horizontal cough spread angle was 15.3°/13.3° for males and 15.6°/14.2° for females.
Measurements of exhaled airflow velocity through human coughs using particle image velocimetry
Han, Mengtao (author) / Ooka, Ryozo (author) / Kikumoto, Hideki (author) / Oh, Wonseok (author) / Bu, Yunchen (author) / Hu, Shuyuan (author)
Building and Environment ; 202
2021-05-29
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Investigation of airflow patterns in a microclimate by particle image velocimetry (PIV)
| Online Contents | 2008
Investigation of airflow patterns in a microclimate by particle image velocimetry (PIV)
| Online Contents | 2008