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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Climate change, extreme events and increased risk of salmonellosis in Maryland, USA: Evidence for coastal vulnerability
Abstract Background Salmonella is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Patterns of salmonellosis have been linked to weather events. However, there is a dearth of data regarding the association between extreme events and risk of salmonellosis, and how this risk may disproportionately impact coastal communities. Methods We obtained Salmonella case data from the Maryland Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (2002–2012), and weather data from the National Climatic Data Center (1960–2012). We developed exposure metrics related to extreme temperature and precipitation events using a 30year baseline (1960–1989) and linked them with county-level salmonellosis data. Data were analyzed using negative binomial Generalized Estimating Equations. Results We observed a 4.1% increase in salmonellosis risk associated with a 1unit increase in extreme temperature events (incidence rate ratio (IRR):1.041; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.013–1.069). This increase in risk was more pronounced in coastal versus non-coastal areas (5.1% vs 1.5%). Likewise, we observed a 5.6% increase in salmonellosis risk (IRR:1.056; CI:1.035–1.078) associated with a 1unit increase in extreme precipitation events, with the impact disproportionately felt in coastal areas (7.1% vs 3.6%). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first empirical evidence showing that extreme temperature/precipitation events—that are expected to be more frequent and intense in coming decades—are disproportionately impacting coastal communities with regard to salmonellosis. Adaptation strategies need to account for this differential burden, particularly in light of ever increasing coastal populations.
Highlights We investigated association between salmonellosis and extreme events. Salmonellosis risk is associated with extreme temperature/precipitation events. Extreme event related salmonellosis disproportionately affects coastal communities.
Climate change, extreme events and increased risk of salmonellosis in Maryland, USA: Evidence for coastal vulnerability
Abstract Background Salmonella is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Patterns of salmonellosis have been linked to weather events. However, there is a dearth of data regarding the association between extreme events and risk of salmonellosis, and how this risk may disproportionately impact coastal communities. Methods We obtained Salmonella case data from the Maryland Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (2002–2012), and weather data from the National Climatic Data Center (1960–2012). We developed exposure metrics related to extreme temperature and precipitation events using a 30year baseline (1960–1989) and linked them with county-level salmonellosis data. Data were analyzed using negative binomial Generalized Estimating Equations. Results We observed a 4.1% increase in salmonellosis risk associated with a 1unit increase in extreme temperature events (incidence rate ratio (IRR):1.041; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.013–1.069). This increase in risk was more pronounced in coastal versus non-coastal areas (5.1% vs 1.5%). Likewise, we observed a 5.6% increase in salmonellosis risk (IRR:1.056; CI:1.035–1.078) associated with a 1unit increase in extreme precipitation events, with the impact disproportionately felt in coastal areas (7.1% vs 3.6%). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first empirical evidence showing that extreme temperature/precipitation events—that are expected to be more frequent and intense in coming decades—are disproportionately impacting coastal communities with regard to salmonellosis. Adaptation strategies need to account for this differential burden, particularly in light of ever increasing coastal populations.
Highlights We investigated association between salmonellosis and extreme events. Salmonellosis risk is associated with extreme temperature/precipitation events. Extreme event related salmonellosis disproportionately affects coastal communities.
Climate change, extreme events and increased risk of salmonellosis in Maryland, USA: Evidence for coastal vulnerability
Jiang, Chengsheng (author) / Shaw, Kristi S. (author) / Upperman, Crystal R. (author) / Blythe, David (author) / Mitchell, Clifford (author) / Murtugudde, Raghu (author) / Sapkota, Amy R. (author) / Sapkota, Amir (author)
Environmental International ; 83 ; 58-62
2015-06-04
5 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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