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Personal exposures to PM2.5 and their relationships with microenvironmental concentrations
Abstract Personal exposure to particulate matter of aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) can be affected by various factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of activity pattern and the contribution of each microenvironment to personal PM2.5 exposure. Technicians carried a nephelometer for PM2.5 while engaging in scripted time location activities. The scripted activities of 10 different population groups were based on time activity patterns of the Seoul population in Korea. A total of 58 daily PM2.5 personal exposures were available for analysis. The average PM2.5 personal exposure was 19.8 ± 15.3 μg m−3. The average personal exposure of each population group ranged from 9.8 to 43.1 μg m−3. High peak and average concentrations were observed in restaurants and bars; such high concentrations were due to secondhand smoke and cooking with charcoal on tables. The residential indoor level of the nine microenvironments was the largest contributor to personal exposure. The contributions from residential indoor, non-residential indoor, transportation, and outdoor levels were 36.2%, 53.4%, 6.7%, and 3.7%, respectively. The contributions of microenvironments varied among population groups; these variations suggest that the impact of activity pattern on personal exposure is significant.
Highlights ► Personal exposures to PM2.5 were directly measured with simulating time activity. ► Residence was the most significant contributor to personal exposure to PM2.5. ► Indoor environments like restaurants are critical for public health protection. ► Charcoal cooking and secondhand smoke are important for indoor air quality. ► Understanding time activity patterns are important for personal exposure to PM2.5.
Personal exposures to PM2.5 and their relationships with microenvironmental concentrations
Abstract Personal exposure to particulate matter of aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) can be affected by various factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of activity pattern and the contribution of each microenvironment to personal PM2.5 exposure. Technicians carried a nephelometer for PM2.5 while engaging in scripted time location activities. The scripted activities of 10 different population groups were based on time activity patterns of the Seoul population in Korea. A total of 58 daily PM2.5 personal exposures were available for analysis. The average PM2.5 personal exposure was 19.8 ± 15.3 μg m−3. The average personal exposure of each population group ranged from 9.8 to 43.1 μg m−3. High peak and average concentrations were observed in restaurants and bars; such high concentrations were due to secondhand smoke and cooking with charcoal on tables. The residential indoor level of the nine microenvironments was the largest contributor to personal exposure. The contributions from residential indoor, non-residential indoor, transportation, and outdoor levels were 36.2%, 53.4%, 6.7%, and 3.7%, respectively. The contributions of microenvironments varied among population groups; these variations suggest that the impact of activity pattern on personal exposure is significant.
Highlights ► Personal exposures to PM2.5 were directly measured with simulating time activity. ► Residence was the most significant contributor to personal exposure to PM2.5. ► Indoor environments like restaurants are critical for public health protection. ► Charcoal cooking and secondhand smoke are important for indoor air quality. ► Understanding time activity patterns are important for personal exposure to PM2.5.
Personal exposures to PM2.5 and their relationships with microenvironmental concentrations
Lim, Soogil (author) / Kim, Jeonghoon (author) / Kim, Taehyun (author) / Lee, Kiyoung (author) / Yang, Wonho (author) / Jun, Sangil (author) / Yu, Seungdo (author)
Atmospheric Environment ; 47 ; 407-412
2011-10-20
6 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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