A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Do cities favor female entrepreneurs? Evidence from India
Abstract The main objective of this paper is to investigate the economic determinants of female-owned proprietorships for 52 metro cities in India. The National Sample Survey (NSS) unit-level data are used for the analysis. The descriptive results show that women's proprietorship is much lower than its counterpart. The Probit regression results at the individual level show that women entrepreneurs do not have a bank account or computer but use the internet, are not registered under any act or authority, and do not expand considerably. They operate within household premises with a limited number of months and duration of a day, undertaking mainly contract basis. They also face several problems that hinder their activities. City-level factors such as work participation rate, consumption expenditure, higher levels of general and technical degrees, and vocational training are essential. The likelihood of becoming a female entrepreneur is negatively impacted by the two agglomeration variables of population size and participation in mixed activity. City-level poverty and inequality also adversely affect it. State-level Human Development Index, Gender Development Index, and Gender Inequality Index are also significant. Finally, we propose important policies to enable the city environment to improve women's entrepreneurship activities for higher and sustainable economic development.
Highlights Female-owned entrepreneurship (FOE) is essential for sustainable and inclusive economic growth in developing countries. The agglomeration size, unequal economic distribution, and less female-friendly society discourage becoming FOE. Knowledge spillovers, labour pooling, availability of public services, and infrastructure encourage FOE. Cities need to increase investment, employment, level of education, and delivery of public services.
Do cities favor female entrepreneurs? Evidence from India
Abstract The main objective of this paper is to investigate the economic determinants of female-owned proprietorships for 52 metro cities in India. The National Sample Survey (NSS) unit-level data are used for the analysis. The descriptive results show that women's proprietorship is much lower than its counterpart. The Probit regression results at the individual level show that women entrepreneurs do not have a bank account or computer but use the internet, are not registered under any act or authority, and do not expand considerably. They operate within household premises with a limited number of months and duration of a day, undertaking mainly contract basis. They also face several problems that hinder their activities. City-level factors such as work participation rate, consumption expenditure, higher levels of general and technical degrees, and vocational training are essential. The likelihood of becoming a female entrepreneur is negatively impacted by the two agglomeration variables of population size and participation in mixed activity. City-level poverty and inequality also adversely affect it. State-level Human Development Index, Gender Development Index, and Gender Inequality Index are also significant. Finally, we propose important policies to enable the city environment to improve women's entrepreneurship activities for higher and sustainable economic development.
Highlights Female-owned entrepreneurship (FOE) is essential for sustainable and inclusive economic growth in developing countries. The agglomeration size, unequal economic distribution, and less female-friendly society discourage becoming FOE. Knowledge spillovers, labour pooling, availability of public services, and infrastructure encourage FOE. Cities need to increase investment, employment, level of education, and delivery of public services.
Do cities favor female entrepreneurs? Evidence from India
Tripathi, Sabyasachi (author)
Cities ; 139
2023-05-21
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
J16 , L26 , O10 , R00 , R12 , Female , Entrepreneurship , Agglomeration , Poverty , Inequality , Development , India
Parking meters win favor in Pennsylvania cities
Engineering Index Backfile | 1938
Entrepreneurs and cities: Complexity, thickness and balance
| Online Contents | 2011
Female entrepreneurs and path-dependency in rural tourism
| Elsevier | 2022
Cities as the Engine of Growth: Evidence from India
| ASCE | 2011
Cities as the Engine of Growth: Evidence from India
| British Library Online Contents | 2011