Transitions in rural settlements and implications for rural revitalization in Guangdong Province: Fid-Bau Portal

Transitions in rural settlements and implications for rural revitalization in Guangdong Province

Gong, Jianzhou / Jian, Yuqing / Chen, Wenli / Liu, Yansui / Hu, Yueming

Abstract Since the implementation of China's open-door policy in 1978, the number, structure, and environmental conditions of rural settlements have changed dramatically. This study examined the changes in rural settlements and the factors behind rural change in Guangdong Province using land-use datasets from 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015, a digital elevation model, and data for transport networks and physical characteristics. Different stages of change in the rural settlements became evident: there was expansion from 1980 to 2000 and rapid decline from 2000 to 2010. Urban growth was facilitated by converting high-production cropland. The density of rural settlements was highest in areas with medium-level development: the density was highest in eastern and western parts of the province, lower in the center, and lowest in the north. The patterns and changes in rural settlements were most strongly related to water sources and transport systems; however, some physical variables (terrain, precipitation, and temperature) were significantly associated with the probability of occurrence of rural settlements. We argue that comprehensive, systematic planning systems should be established for rural areas and that it is necessary to recognize the value of the cultural heritage of southern Guangdong. To ensure the success of a rural revitalization strategy, it is important to introduce regional development schemes that resolve inequalities between less and more economically developed areas.

Highlights • High production cropland was first encroached by rural settlements if needed. • A consistent spatial pattern of high and low rural settlement density was seen. • Rural settlement patterns were related to economics, water sources and transport. • The maintenance of regional culture and its elements should be highlighted. • It is necessary to strengthen the bonds and remove inequities among different areas.