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Disinfectant dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) disrupts gut microbiota, phospholipids, and calcium signaling in honeybees (Apis mellifera) at an environmentally relevant level
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Honeybee midgut tissues are disrupted upon DDBAC exposure. DDBAC exposure reduced the abundance of beneficial microbiota in the honeybee midgut. DDBAC exposure altered the level of phospholipids constituting cell membranes. DDBAC exposure changed the expression of genes involved in calcium signaling pathways.
Abstract One of the impacts of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a profound increase in the application amounts of disinfectants. Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) is a widely used disinfectant, yet its hazards to non-target species remain largely unknown. We are unaware of any studies assessing DDBAC’s impacts on honeybee, a pollinator species that is a useful indicator of environmental pollution essential for many forms of agricultural production. Here, we assessed the potentially negative effects of DDBAC on honeybees. After conducting a formal toxicity evaluation of DDBAC on honeybee mortality, we detected an accumulation of DDBAC in the honeybee midgut. We subsequently studied the midgut tissues of honeybees exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of DDBAC: histopathological examination revealed damage to midgut tissue upon DDBAC exposure, microbiome analysis showed a decreased abundance of beneficial midgut microbiota, lipidomics analysis revealed a significant reduction in cell membrane phospholipids with known functions in signal transduction, and a transcriptome analysis detected altered expression of genes involved in calcium signaling pathways (that variously function in calcium absorption, muscle contraction, and neurotransmission). Thus, our study establishes that DDBAC impacts honeybee midgut functions at multiple levels. Our study represents an early warning about the hazards of DDBAC and appeals for the proper stewardship of DDBAC to ensure the protection of our ecological environment.
Disinfectant dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) disrupts gut microbiota, phospholipids, and calcium signaling in honeybees (Apis mellifera) at an environmentally relevant level
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Honeybee midgut tissues are disrupted upon DDBAC exposure. DDBAC exposure reduced the abundance of beneficial microbiota in the honeybee midgut. DDBAC exposure altered the level of phospholipids constituting cell membranes. DDBAC exposure changed the expression of genes involved in calcium signaling pathways.
Abstract One of the impacts of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a profound increase in the application amounts of disinfectants. Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) is a widely used disinfectant, yet its hazards to non-target species remain largely unknown. We are unaware of any studies assessing DDBAC’s impacts on honeybee, a pollinator species that is a useful indicator of environmental pollution essential for many forms of agricultural production. Here, we assessed the potentially negative effects of DDBAC on honeybees. After conducting a formal toxicity evaluation of DDBAC on honeybee mortality, we detected an accumulation of DDBAC in the honeybee midgut. We subsequently studied the midgut tissues of honeybees exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of DDBAC: histopathological examination revealed damage to midgut tissue upon DDBAC exposure, microbiome analysis showed a decreased abundance of beneficial midgut microbiota, lipidomics analysis revealed a significant reduction in cell membrane phospholipids with known functions in signal transduction, and a transcriptome analysis detected altered expression of genes involved in calcium signaling pathways (that variously function in calcium absorption, muscle contraction, and neurotransmission). Thus, our study establishes that DDBAC impacts honeybee midgut functions at multiple levels. Our study represents an early warning about the hazards of DDBAC and appeals for the proper stewardship of DDBAC to ensure the protection of our ecological environment.
Disinfectant dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) disrupts gut microbiota, phospholipids, and calcium signaling in honeybees (Apis mellifera) at an environmentally relevant level
Li, Qiangqiang (author) / Xue, Xiaofeng (author) / Qi, Suzhen (author) / Zhao, Liuwei (author) / Zhang, Wenwen (author) / Fan, Man (author) / Wu, Liming (author) / Wang, Miao (author)
2022-11-14
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride , Honeybee midgut , Gut microbiota , Phospholipids , Calcium signaling , ACTG , actin, muscle-like , BAC , benzalkonium chloride , BDNF , brain derived neurotrophic factor , CACN , voltage-dependent <small-caps>l</small-caps>-type calcium channel subunit beta-2 , CALM , calmodulin-like protein 4 , CAMK , calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase , CAV3.1 , voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1G , CPI-17 , protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 14A , CREB , cyclic AMP response element-binding protein A , DAG , dystroglycan , DDBAC , dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride , DG , diacylglycerol , DMD , dystrophin , ERK , extracellular signal-regulated kinases , GPCR , G-protein coupled receptor , Gq , guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha , IP3 , inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate , IP3R , inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 , ITGB , integrin beta-PS , MALDI-MS , matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry , MEK , mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 , MLCP , protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A , NCX (SLC8A) , sodium/calcium exchanger 3 , NCX (SLC9A) , sodium/calcium exchanger 1-like , PC , phosphatidylcholine , PE , phosphatidylethanolamine , PI , phosphatidylinositol , PKC , protein kinase C , PLCβ , 1-phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase classes I and II , PLCγ , 1-phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1 , PMCA , plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase 2 , PS , phosphatidylserine , PTK , epidermal growth factor receptor , QAC , quaternary ammonium compound , RYR , ryanodine receptor , SERCA , P-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> transporter type 2A , UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS , ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Synthesis and Characterization of N,N-Dimethyl Dodecyl-(4-Vinyl Benzyl) Ammonium Chloride
| British Library Online Contents | 2014
British Library Online Contents | 2013