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Post-liquefaction deformation mechanisms of stone column-improved liquefiable sloping ground under cyclic loadings
Abstract Liquefaction-induced large deformations in sloping ground caused heavy damage to buildings and infrastructures during earthquakes, and its evaluation and mitigation challenge. In this study, a series of soil element tests using hollow cylinder apparatus (HCA) were conducted to investigate the relationship between residual volumetric strain and residual shear strain of medium dense to dense saturated sand with moderate initial static shear stress. The soil element tests indicate that the developments of residual volumetric strain and residual shear strain are dominated by the Post-liquefaction Deformation Potential (PLDP) of soil, which is well correlated to the maximum cyclic shear strain developed during cyclic loading. Then, the applicability of PLDP to characterize the post-liquefaction deformation response in gently sloping ground was investigated by centrifuge model tests without and with stone column improvement. The model tests of medium dense and dense sand slopes proved the applicability of PLDP preliminarily. The mitigation mechanisms against settlement and lateral spreading in gentle slopes by densification and drainage effects induced by stone columns were also observed and discussed. The present study provides the conceptual term of PLDP for evaluating post-liquefaction deformations of natural and stone column-improved gently sloping grounds, which helps to develop mitigation techniques for liquefiable sloping ground subjected to earthquake loadings.
Highlights The Post-liquefaction Deformation Potential (PLDP) is dominated by the maximum cyclic shear strain during cyclic loading. The PLDP can be converted into the residual volumetric strain (PLDP ε) and the residual shear strain (PLDP γ) in a proportion. The converting proportion of PLDP in a gentle slope is positively correlated to the initial static shear stress ratio. The densification effect could significantly reduce the total PLDP and the post-liquefaction deformations of gentle slope. The drainage effect could reduce the PLDP γ considerably and result in much less lateral spreading of gentle slope.
Post-liquefaction deformation mechanisms of stone column-improved liquefiable sloping ground under cyclic loadings
Abstract Liquefaction-induced large deformations in sloping ground caused heavy damage to buildings and infrastructures during earthquakes, and its evaluation and mitigation challenge. In this study, a series of soil element tests using hollow cylinder apparatus (HCA) were conducted to investigate the relationship between residual volumetric strain and residual shear strain of medium dense to dense saturated sand with moderate initial static shear stress. The soil element tests indicate that the developments of residual volumetric strain and residual shear strain are dominated by the Post-liquefaction Deformation Potential (PLDP) of soil, which is well correlated to the maximum cyclic shear strain developed during cyclic loading. Then, the applicability of PLDP to characterize the post-liquefaction deformation response in gently sloping ground was investigated by centrifuge model tests without and with stone column improvement. The model tests of medium dense and dense sand slopes proved the applicability of PLDP preliminarily. The mitigation mechanisms against settlement and lateral spreading in gentle slopes by densification and drainage effects induced by stone columns were also observed and discussed. The present study provides the conceptual term of PLDP for evaluating post-liquefaction deformations of natural and stone column-improved gently sloping grounds, which helps to develop mitigation techniques for liquefiable sloping ground subjected to earthquake loadings.
Highlights The Post-liquefaction Deformation Potential (PLDP) is dominated by the maximum cyclic shear strain during cyclic loading. The PLDP can be converted into the residual volumetric strain (PLDP ε) and the residual shear strain (PLDP γ) in a proportion. The converting proportion of PLDP in a gentle slope is positively correlated to the initial static shear stress ratio. The densification effect could significantly reduce the total PLDP and the post-liquefaction deformations of gentle slope. The drainage effect could reduce the PLDP γ considerably and result in much less lateral spreading of gentle slope.
Post-liquefaction deformation mechanisms of stone column-improved liquefiable sloping ground under cyclic loadings
Zhou, Yan-Guo (author) / Zhang, Dong-Chao (author) / Liu, Kai (author) / Chen, Yun-Min (author)
2023-11-03
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Deformation Mechanisms of Stone Column-Improved Liquefiable Sloping Ground Under Earthquake Loadings
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