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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Bedroom ventilation performance in daycare centers under three typical ventilation strategies
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-385X
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3432-5047
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-2725
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-8147
Abstract With increasing reliance on daycare centers for early childhood development, ensuring healthy environments in semi-enclosed baby beds for napping is crucial, given infants' vulnerability to air pollutants and their inability to control surroundings. Despite concerns about indoor air quality, research on bed-level ventilation conditions remains scarce. This study investigates the performance of three ventilation strategies (mixing ventilation (MV), displacement ventilation (DV), and personalized ventilation (PV)) in enhancing air quality at bed level in daycare center bedrooms. Using a full-scale setup representing a typical Dutch daycare bedroom, ventilation performance was evaluated by examining CO2 dispersion and inhalation for 12 breathing thermal baby models sleeping in 12 beds, considering two sleep positions and ventilation rates. A total of 58 strategically located CO2 sensors enabled a thorough understanding of CO2 levels at inhalation and both the bed and room scales. The findings reveal the superior performance of PV, followed by DV and MV, with significantly different inhaled CO2 concentrations per baby: 1713 ppm (MV), 1104 ppm (DV), and 801 ppm (PV), though the mean in-bed values differed by less than 20 ppm among the modes. Thus, assessing ventilation performance of various ventilation strategies necessitates examining inhaled air quality. Sleep positions and ventilation rates significantly influenced MV and DV modes' performance. Importantly, PV demonstrated energy-saving potential by achieving comparable inhaled air quality at lower ventilation rates. These findings have practical implications for designing occupant-centric ventilation systems in daycare center bedrooms and effective CO2 monitoring in semi-enclosed spaces.
Highlights Full-scale setup used to assess three ventilation strategies at daycare centers. Personalized ventilation superior; displacement outperformed mixing. Sleep positions and ventilation rates impacted ventilation performance. Evaluating ventilation strategies requires analyzing inhaled air quality. Findings guide occupant-centric ventilation design in daycare center bedrooms.
Bedroom ventilation performance in daycare centers under three typical ventilation strategies
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-385X
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3432-5047
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-2725
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-8147
Abstract With increasing reliance on daycare centers for early childhood development, ensuring healthy environments in semi-enclosed baby beds for napping is crucial, given infants' vulnerability to air pollutants and their inability to control surroundings. Despite concerns about indoor air quality, research on bed-level ventilation conditions remains scarce. This study investigates the performance of three ventilation strategies (mixing ventilation (MV), displacement ventilation (DV), and personalized ventilation (PV)) in enhancing air quality at bed level in daycare center bedrooms. Using a full-scale setup representing a typical Dutch daycare bedroom, ventilation performance was evaluated by examining CO2 dispersion and inhalation for 12 breathing thermal baby models sleeping in 12 beds, considering two sleep positions and ventilation rates. A total of 58 strategically located CO2 sensors enabled a thorough understanding of CO2 levels at inhalation and both the bed and room scales. The findings reveal the superior performance of PV, followed by DV and MV, with significantly different inhaled CO2 concentrations per baby: 1713 ppm (MV), 1104 ppm (DV), and 801 ppm (PV), though the mean in-bed values differed by less than 20 ppm among the modes. Thus, assessing ventilation performance of various ventilation strategies necessitates examining inhaled air quality. Sleep positions and ventilation rates significantly influenced MV and DV modes' performance. Importantly, PV demonstrated energy-saving potential by achieving comparable inhaled air quality at lower ventilation rates. These findings have practical implications for designing occupant-centric ventilation systems in daycare center bedrooms and effective CO2 monitoring in semi-enclosed spaces.
Highlights Full-scale setup used to assess three ventilation strategies at daycare centers. Personalized ventilation superior; displacement outperformed mixing. Sleep positions and ventilation rates impacted ventilation performance. Evaluating ventilation strategies requires analyzing inhaled air quality. Findings guide occupant-centric ventilation design in daycare center bedrooms.
Bedroom ventilation performance in daycare centers under three typical ventilation strategies
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-385X
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3432-5047
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-2725
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-8147
Abstract With increasing reliance on daycare centers for early childhood development, ensuring healthy environments in semi-enclosed baby beds for napping is crucial, given infants' vulnerability to air pollutants and their inability to control surroundings. Despite concerns about indoor air quality, research on bed-level ventilation conditions remains scarce. This study investigates the performance of three ventilation strategies (mixing ventilation (MV), displacement ventilation (DV), and personalized ventilation (PV)) in enhancing air quality at bed level in daycare center bedrooms. Using a full-scale setup representing a typical Dutch daycare bedroom, ventilation performance was evaluated by examining CO2 dispersion and inhalation for 12 breathing thermal baby models sleeping in 12 beds, considering two sleep positions and ventilation rates. A total of 58 strategically located CO2 sensors enabled a thorough understanding of CO2 levels at inhalation and both the bed and room scales. The findings reveal the superior performance of PV, followed by DV and MV, with significantly different inhaled CO2 concentrations per baby: 1713 ppm (MV), 1104 ppm (DV), and 801 ppm (PV), though the mean in-bed values differed by less than 20 ppm among the modes. Thus, assessing ventilation performance of various ventilation strategies necessitates examining inhaled air quality. Sleep positions and ventilation rates significantly influenced MV and DV modes' performance. Importantly, PV demonstrated energy-saving potential by achieving comparable inhaled air quality at lower ventilation rates. These findings have practical implications for designing occupant-centric ventilation systems in daycare center bedrooms and effective CO2 monitoring in semi-enclosed spaces.
Highlights Full-scale setup used to assess three ventilation strategies at daycare centers. Personalized ventilation superior; displacement outperformed mixing. Sleep positions and ventilation rates impacted ventilation performance. Evaluating ventilation strategies requires analyzing inhaled air quality. Findings guide occupant-centric ventilation design in daycare center bedrooms.
Bedroom ventilation performance in daycare centers under three typical ventilation strategies
Zheng, Hailin (author) / Wang, Zhijian (author) / Loomans, Marcel (author) / Walker, Shalika (author) / Zeiler, Wim (author)
Building and Environment ; 243
2023-07-18
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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