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Engineering and durability properties of fly ash treated lime-stabilised sulphate-bearing soils
Abstract The paper describes a study carried out to investigate the engineering and durability properties of lime-stabilised soils treated with low-lime fly ash to limit swelling (heave) due to sulphate, associated with the ground improvement process. Two clays (Lias and Oxford with total potential sulphate levels >1.0%), a quicklime, two fly ashes (fine/low loss-on-ignition (LOI)/dry; and coarse/high LOI/wet (pond) stored) and a ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS) were considered. The lime-stabilised soils contained 3% quicklime and various levels of fly ash (up to 24%) and GGBS (up to 9%), and were tested at optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. The properties considered included, immediate-bearing index, unconfined compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, water permeability and frost-heave. The results indicate that for most of these, the fly ash combinations gave improvements compared to lime-only treated soils, with the benefits generally increasing with addition level. Between fly ashes, the fine/dry material mainly gave better properties for those considered. This differs from behaviour noted previously for sulphate-heave, where coarser/wet-stored fly ash was most effective in minimizing the process. At comparable application levels, GGBS contributed more than fly ash to the properties of the lime-stabilised soils. The underlying mechanisms associated with these effects and the practical implications of the study are explored.
Highlights Practical properties of lime-stabilised clays containing sulphate are considered. Two clays, two fly ashes (fine and coarse) and a quicklime were investigated. Compared to lime-only treated clay, properties mainly improved with fly ash addition. Unlike for sulphate-heave, fine fly ash gave better performance than coarse material. Given the behaviour observed, a suggested approach for material selection is given.
Engineering and durability properties of fly ash treated lime-stabilised sulphate-bearing soils
Abstract The paper describes a study carried out to investigate the engineering and durability properties of lime-stabilised soils treated with low-lime fly ash to limit swelling (heave) due to sulphate, associated with the ground improvement process. Two clays (Lias and Oxford with total potential sulphate levels >1.0%), a quicklime, two fly ashes (fine/low loss-on-ignition (LOI)/dry; and coarse/high LOI/wet (pond) stored) and a ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBS) were considered. The lime-stabilised soils contained 3% quicklime and various levels of fly ash (up to 24%) and GGBS (up to 9%), and were tested at optimum moisture content and maximum dry density. The properties considered included, immediate-bearing index, unconfined compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, water permeability and frost-heave. The results indicate that for most of these, the fly ash combinations gave improvements compared to lime-only treated soils, with the benefits generally increasing with addition level. Between fly ashes, the fine/dry material mainly gave better properties for those considered. This differs from behaviour noted previously for sulphate-heave, where coarser/wet-stored fly ash was most effective in minimizing the process. At comparable application levels, GGBS contributed more than fly ash to the properties of the lime-stabilised soils. The underlying mechanisms associated with these effects and the practical implications of the study are explored.
Highlights Practical properties of lime-stabilised clays containing sulphate are considered. Two clays, two fly ashes (fine and coarse) and a quicklime were investigated. Compared to lime-only treated clay, properties mainly improved with fly ash addition. Unlike for sulphate-heave, fine fly ash gave better performance than coarse material. Given the behaviour observed, a suggested approach for material selection is given.
Engineering and durability properties of fly ash treated lime-stabilised sulphate-bearing soils
McCarthy, Michael J. (author) / Csetenyi, Laszlo J. (author) / Sachdeva, Anisha (author) / Dhir, Ravindra K. (author)
Engineering Geology ; 174 ; 139-148
2014-03-01
10 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Engineering and durability properties of fly ash treated lime-stabilised sulphate-bearing soils
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