A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Phthalate esters, parabens and bisphenol-A exposure among mothers and their children in Greece (Rhea cohort)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-8596
Abstract Exposure to endocrine disruptors, used as additives, preservatives, plasticisers and solvents in numerous consumer products, might cause adverse health effects. Humans exposed to these chemicals, metabolise and excrete them mostly via urine. Urinary metabolite concentrations are used as biomarkers of exposure. We evaluated the exposure of 4-month pregnant women and their children at 2years of age to phthalates, parabens and bisphenol-A. Concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites, six parabens and bisphenol-A were measured in 239 mother–child pairs of the “Rhea” cohort in Greece. Concentration levels in mother and children were comparable with corresponding concentrations in other countries worldwide. Low Spearman correlation coefficients (CC 0.1–0.2, p-value<0.01) were observed for di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP) and ethyl paraben (EPB) between mothers and their children. We observed higher median daily intake (DIu) for mothers (e.g. di-ethyl phthalate 6.9μgd−1 kg−1) than for their children (1.4μgd−1 kg−1) for all examined compounds, except for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol-A. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated two main sources of exposure (plastic related and personal care-hygiene products) for phthalates, parabens and bisphenol-A. Differences in DEHP metabolism were observed among mothers–children and female–male children.
Highlights Concentration levels of eight phthalate metabolites, six parabens and bisphenol-A Two hundred and thirty-nine (239) mother–child pairs from Rhea Cohort — Greece Some same exposure sources at pregnancy and after birth Two distinct exposure sources: plastic and personal care products Differentiation in DEHP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) metabolism
Phthalate esters, parabens and bisphenol-A exposure among mothers and their children in Greece (Rhea cohort)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-8596
Abstract Exposure to endocrine disruptors, used as additives, preservatives, plasticisers and solvents in numerous consumer products, might cause adverse health effects. Humans exposed to these chemicals, metabolise and excrete them mostly via urine. Urinary metabolite concentrations are used as biomarkers of exposure. We evaluated the exposure of 4-month pregnant women and their children at 2years of age to phthalates, parabens and bisphenol-A. Concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites, six parabens and bisphenol-A were measured in 239 mother–child pairs of the “Rhea” cohort in Greece. Concentration levels in mother and children were comparable with corresponding concentrations in other countries worldwide. Low Spearman correlation coefficients (CC 0.1–0.2, p-value<0.01) were observed for di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP) and ethyl paraben (EPB) between mothers and their children. We observed higher median daily intake (DIu) for mothers (e.g. di-ethyl phthalate 6.9μgd−1 kg−1) than for their children (1.4μgd−1 kg−1) for all examined compounds, except for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol-A. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated two main sources of exposure (plastic related and personal care-hygiene products) for phthalates, parabens and bisphenol-A. Differences in DEHP metabolism were observed among mothers–children and female–male children.
Highlights Concentration levels of eight phthalate metabolites, six parabens and bisphenol-A Two hundred and thirty-nine (239) mother–child pairs from Rhea Cohort — Greece Some same exposure sources at pregnancy and after birth Two distinct exposure sources: plastic and personal care products Differentiation in DEHP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) metabolism
Phthalate esters, parabens and bisphenol-A exposure among mothers and their children in Greece (Rhea cohort)
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-8596
Abstract Exposure to endocrine disruptors, used as additives, preservatives, plasticisers and solvents in numerous consumer products, might cause adverse health effects. Humans exposed to these chemicals, metabolise and excrete them mostly via urine. Urinary metabolite concentrations are used as biomarkers of exposure. We evaluated the exposure of 4-month pregnant women and their children at 2years of age to phthalates, parabens and bisphenol-A. Concentrations of eight phthalate metabolites, six parabens and bisphenol-A were measured in 239 mother–child pairs of the “Rhea” cohort in Greece. Concentration levels in mother and children were comparable with corresponding concentrations in other countries worldwide. Low Spearman correlation coefficients (CC 0.1–0.2, p-value<0.01) were observed for di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP) and ethyl paraben (EPB) between mothers and their children. We observed higher median daily intake (DIu) for mothers (e.g. di-ethyl phthalate 6.9μgd−1 kg−1) than for their children (1.4μgd−1 kg−1) for all examined compounds, except for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol-A. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated two main sources of exposure (plastic related and personal care-hygiene products) for phthalates, parabens and bisphenol-A. Differences in DEHP metabolism were observed among mothers–children and female–male children.
Highlights Concentration levels of eight phthalate metabolites, six parabens and bisphenol-A Two hundred and thirty-nine (239) mother–child pairs from Rhea Cohort — Greece Some same exposure sources at pregnancy and after birth Two distinct exposure sources: plastic and personal care products Differentiation in DEHP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) metabolism
Phthalate esters, parabens and bisphenol-A exposure among mothers and their children in Greece (Rhea cohort)
Myridakis, Antonis (author) / Fthenou, Eleni (author) / Balaska, Eirini (author) / Vakinti, Maria (author) / Kogevinas, Manolis (author) / Stephanou, Euripides G. (author)
Environmental International ; 83 ; 1-10
2015-05-28
10 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
BPA , bisphenol-A , BBP , butyl-benzyl phthalate , CC , correlation coefficient , C<inf>u</inf> , metabolite concentration, μg/L , DEHP , di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate , DEP , di-ethyl phthalate , DiBP , di-iso-butyl phthalate , DI<inf>u</inf> , daily intake calculated using urinary metabolites , DnBP , di-n-butyl phthalate , EPB , ethyl paraben , HPLC , high performance liquid chromatography , isoBPB , iso-butyl paraben , isoPPB , iso-propyl paraben , F<inf>ue</inf> , urinary excretion factor , mBzP , mono-benzyl phthalate , mCOP , mono-carboxy-octyl phthalate , mEHHP , mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxy-hexyl phthalate , mEOHP , mono-2-ethyl-5-oxo-hexyl phthalate , mEP , mono-ethyl phthalate , mLOD , method limit of detection , mnBP , mono-n-butyl phthalate , mNP , mono-iso-nonyl phthalate , MPB , methyl paraben , MW<inf>1</inf> , molecular weight of phthalate diester , MW<inf>2</inf> , molecular weight of phthalate metabolite , nBPB , n-butyl-paraben , NC , not calculated , ND , not detected , nPPB , n-propyl paraben , NR , not reported , PCA , principal component analysis , RfD , reference dose , SPE , solid phase extraction , SRM , selected reaction monitoring , RMR , relative metabolic rate , RMR<inf>1</inf> , mEHHP/mEHP molar concentrations ratio , RMR<inf>2</inf> , mEOHP/mEHHP molar concentration ratio , TDI , tolerable daily intake , UPLC , ultra performance liquid chromatography , W , body weight , Phthalates , Bisphenol-A , Parabens , Mother–child pairs , Rhea cohort