Road transport externalities in Mexico: Estimates and international comparisons: Fid-Bau Portal

Road transport externalities in Mexico: Estimates and international comparisons

Cravioto, Jordi / Yamasue, Eiji / Okumura, Hideyuki / Ishihara, Keiichi N.

Abstract In Mexico, as in many developing countries, no monetary estimates of road transport externalities exist. The abundant empirical evidence from the developed world appears to show such research reaching maturity. Yet, several barriers to deriving basic estimates among developing countries persist. In this study, we addressed such difficulties for the Mexican context, and by pooling the available data and using well-established methods, we calculated six categories of estimates. The results showed that road transport externalities amount to at least 59.42 (44.8–73.97) billion US dollars per year or 6.24% (4.71–7.77%) of GDP. By component, accidents represented the largest share (28%), followed by congestion (22%), greenhouse gases (21%), air pollution (13%), infrastructure (7%), and noise (9%). By vehicle type, cars had the highest costs per pkm, and buses had the highest costs per vkm. The costs of road transport externalities in Mexico ranked between those of developed and developing regions, but we found some notable differences when comparing the impacts per pkm of the four largest externalities. We discuss such differences and the policy implications of our findings. We also provide suggestions for future research.

Highlights • Mexican road transport externalities amount to 59.42 (44.8–73.97) bill. US$ per year. • Accidents and congestion were the largest categories. • Cars had the largest cost per pkm ($42.1 per 1000 vkm); trucks had the largest cost per vkm ($430.2 per 1000 vkm). • Mexican totals were below developed regions and above other developing countries. • Impacts per pkm ranked differently from costs.