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Temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl acids in plasma samples of pregnant women in Hokkaido, Japan, 2003–2011
Abstract Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent organic pollutants that are used in a wide range of consumer products. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that prenatal exposure to toxic levels of PFAAs in the environment may adversely affect fetal growth and humoral immune response in infants and children. Here we have characterized levels of prenatal exposure to PFAA between 2003 and 2011 in Hokkaido, Japan, by measuring PFAA concentrations in plasma samples from pregnant women. The study population comprised 150 women who enrolled in a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Hokkaido. Eleven PFAAs were measured in maternal plasma samples using simultaneous analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. At the end of the study, in 2011, age- and parity-adjusted mean concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA), perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were 1.35ng/mL, 1.26ng/mL, 0.66ng/mL, 1.29ng/mL, 0.25ng/mL, 0.33ng/mL, 0.28ng/mL, and 3.86ng/mL, respectively. Whereas PFOS and PFOA concentrations declined 8.4%/y and 3.1%/y, respectively, PFNA and PFDA levels increased 4.7%/y and 2.4%/y, respectively, between 2003 and 2011. PFUnDA, PFDoDA, and PFTrDA were detected in the vast majority of maternal samples, but no significant temporal trend was apparent. Future studies must involve a larger population of pregnant women and their children to determine the effects of prenatal exposure to PFAA on health outcomes in infants and children.
Highlights This is the first report to investigate maternal levels of 11 PFAAs in Japan. Detectable levels of PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, and PFOS were found in all samples. From 2003 to 2011, PFOS and PFOA levels decreased to 8.4%/y and 3.1%/y, respectively. From 2003 to 2011, PFNA and PFDA levels increased to 4.7%/y and 2.4%/y, respectively. No temporal trends were observed for PFUnDA, PFDoDA, or PFTrDA.
Temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl acids in plasma samples of pregnant women in Hokkaido, Japan, 2003–2011
Abstract Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent organic pollutants that are used in a wide range of consumer products. Recent epidemiological studies have shown that prenatal exposure to toxic levels of PFAAs in the environment may adversely affect fetal growth and humoral immune response in infants and children. Here we have characterized levels of prenatal exposure to PFAA between 2003 and 2011 in Hokkaido, Japan, by measuring PFAA concentrations in plasma samples from pregnant women. The study population comprised 150 women who enrolled in a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Hokkaido. Eleven PFAAs were measured in maternal plasma samples using simultaneous analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. At the end of the study, in 2011, age- and parity-adjusted mean concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA), perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) were 1.35ng/mL, 1.26ng/mL, 0.66ng/mL, 1.29ng/mL, 0.25ng/mL, 0.33ng/mL, 0.28ng/mL, and 3.86ng/mL, respectively. Whereas PFOS and PFOA concentrations declined 8.4%/y and 3.1%/y, respectively, PFNA and PFDA levels increased 4.7%/y and 2.4%/y, respectively, between 2003 and 2011. PFUnDA, PFDoDA, and PFTrDA were detected in the vast majority of maternal samples, but no significant temporal trend was apparent. Future studies must involve a larger population of pregnant women and their children to determine the effects of prenatal exposure to PFAA on health outcomes in infants and children.
Highlights This is the first report to investigate maternal levels of 11 PFAAs in Japan. Detectable levels of PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, and PFOS were found in all samples. From 2003 to 2011, PFOS and PFOA levels decreased to 8.4%/y and 3.1%/y, respectively. From 2003 to 2011, PFNA and PFDA levels increased to 4.7%/y and 2.4%/y, respectively. No temporal trends were observed for PFUnDA, PFDoDA, or PFTrDA.
Temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl acids in plasma samples of pregnant women in Hokkaido, Japan, 2003–2011
Okada, Emiko (author) / Kashino, Ikuko (author) / Matsuura, Hideyuki (author) / Sasaki, Seiko (author) / Miyashita, Chihiro (author) / Yamamoto, Jun (author) / Ikeno, Tamiko (author) / Ito, Yoichi M. (author) / Matsumura, Toru (author) / Tamakoshi, Akiko (author)
Environmental International ; 60 ; 89-96
2013-07-23
8 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
PFAAs , perfluoroalkyl acids , PFCAs , perfluorinated carboxylic acids , PFSAs , perfluoroalkane sulfonates , PFHxA , perfluorohexanoic acid , PFHpA , perfluoroheptanoic acid , PFOA , perfluorooctanoic acid , PFNA , perfluorononanoic acid , PFDA , perfluorodecanoic acid , PFUnDA , perfluoroundecanoic acid , PFDoDA , perfluorododecanoic acid , PFTrDA , perfluorotridecanoic acid , PFTeDA , perfluorotetradecanoic acid , PFHxS , perfluorohexane sulfonate , PFOS , perfluorooctane sulfonate , BEH , ethylene-bridged hybrid , UPLC-MS/MS , ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry , MDL , method detection limit , CI , confidence interval , GM , geometric mean , Perfluorooctane sulfonate , Perfluorooctanoic acid , Perfluorononanoic acid , Perfluorodecanoic acid , Human maternal plasma , Temporal trend
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