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Spatio-temporal modelling of residential exposure to particulate matter and gaseous pollutants for the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Cohort
Abstract For the simultaneous analysis of short- and long-term effects of air pollution in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Cohort a sophisticated exposure modelling was performed. The dispersion and chemistry transport model EURAD (European Air Pollution Dispersion) was used for the estimation of hourly concentrations of a number of pollutants for a horizontal grid with a cell size of 1 km² covering the whole study area (three large adjacent cities in a highly urbanized region in Western Germany) for the years 2000–2003 and 2006–2008. For each 1 km² cell we estimated the mean concentration by calculating daily means from the hourly concentrations modelled by the EURAD process. The modelled concentrations showed an overall tendency to decrease from 2001 to 2008 whereas the trend in the single grid cells and study period was inhomogeneous. Participant-related exposure slightly increased from 2001 to 2003 followed by a decrease from 2006 to 2008. The exposure modelling enables a very flexible exposure assessment compared to conventional modelling approaches which either use central monitoring or temporally static spatial contrasts. The modelling allows the calculation of an average exposure concentration for any place and time within the study region and study period with a high spatial and temporal resolution. This is important for the assessment of short-, medium and long-term effects of air pollution on human health in epidemiological studies.
Highlights We model the spatio-temporal distribution of air pollution. The modelled exposure is assigned to residential addresses of study participants. The model leads to an improved and highly flexible exposure assessment. The model is suitable to the analysis of effects of long-term exposure. The model is suitable to the analysis of effects of short-term exposure.
Spatio-temporal modelling of residential exposure to particulate matter and gaseous pollutants for the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Cohort
Abstract For the simultaneous analysis of short- and long-term effects of air pollution in the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Cohort a sophisticated exposure modelling was performed. The dispersion and chemistry transport model EURAD (European Air Pollution Dispersion) was used for the estimation of hourly concentrations of a number of pollutants for a horizontal grid with a cell size of 1 km² covering the whole study area (three large adjacent cities in a highly urbanized region in Western Germany) for the years 2000–2003 and 2006–2008. For each 1 km² cell we estimated the mean concentration by calculating daily means from the hourly concentrations modelled by the EURAD process. The modelled concentrations showed an overall tendency to decrease from 2001 to 2008 whereas the trend in the single grid cells and study period was inhomogeneous. Participant-related exposure slightly increased from 2001 to 2003 followed by a decrease from 2006 to 2008. The exposure modelling enables a very flexible exposure assessment compared to conventional modelling approaches which either use central monitoring or temporally static spatial contrasts. The modelling allows the calculation of an average exposure concentration for any place and time within the study region and study period with a high spatial and temporal resolution. This is important for the assessment of short-, medium and long-term effects of air pollution on human health in epidemiological studies.
Highlights We model the spatio-temporal distribution of air pollution. The modelled exposure is assigned to residential addresses of study participants. The model leads to an improved and highly flexible exposure assessment. The model is suitable to the analysis of effects of long-term exposure. The model is suitable to the analysis of effects of short-term exposure.
Spatio-temporal modelling of residential exposure to particulate matter and gaseous pollutants for the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Cohort
Nonnemacher, Michael (author) / Jakobs, Hermann (author) / Viehmann, Anja (author) / Vanberg, Irene (author) / Kessler, Christoph (author) / Moebus, Susanne (author) / Möhlenkamp, Stefan (author) / Erbel, Raimund (author) / Hoffmann, Barbara (author) / Memmesheimer, Michael (author)
Atmospheric Environment ; 91 ; 15-23
2014-03-25
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study , EURAD model , Spatio-temporal exposure modelling , Long-term exposure , Short-term exposure , ANOVA , analysis of variance , CO , carbon monoxide [mg/m³] , DMPS , differential mobility particle sizer , EURAD , European Air Pollution Dispersion , GIS , geographic information system , MSE , mean square error , NH<inf>3</inf> , ammonium hydroxide [μg/m³] , NO<inf><italic>x</italic></inf> , nitrogen oxides [μg/m³] , NO<inf>2</inf> , en dioxide [μg/m³] , NO , nitrogen monoxide [μg/m³] , O<inf>3</inf> , ozone [μg/m³] , PM , particulate matter , PM1.0 , mass concentration of particles less than 1.0 μm in size [μg/m³] , PM2.5 , mass concentration of particles less than 2.5 μm in size [μg/m³] , PM10 , mass concentration of particles less than 10 μm in size [μg/m³] , Recall , Risk Factors, Evaluation of Coronary Calcium and Lifestyle , SO<inf>2</inf> , sulphur dioxide [μg/m³] , TPN , total particle number [*104/ml] , TDMPS , twin differential mobility particle sizer
Modelling spatio-temporal variation in exposure to particulate matter: a two-stage approach
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