A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants of vitamin D levels in pregnant women in Spain
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7698-3882
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-8313
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-8740
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6550-1584
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-1758
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2112-6740
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5030-1915
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights We evaluated the determinants of low vitamin D levels in Spanish pregnant women. Younger women, smokers, overweight, and in deprived areas had lower Vitamin D levels. High air pollution and humidity were associated with lower vitamin D levels. Machine learning models promise effective vitamin D insufficiency screening. Insights from this study may be useful for implementing preventive measures.
Abstract Introduction Vitamin D bellow sufficiency (<30ng/ml circulating levels) is a worldwide public health concern and pregnant women are especially vulnerable, affecting the health of the mother and the fetus. This study aims to evaluate the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants associated with circulating vitamin D levels in Spanish pregnant women. Methods We used data from the Spanish INMA (“Infancia y Medio Ambiente”) prospective birth cohort study from the regions of Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, and Valencia. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) was measured in plasma collected in the first trimester of pregnancy. Information on 108 determinants was gathered: 13 sociodemographic, 48 lifestyle including diet, smoking and physical activity, and 47 environmental variables, representing the urban and the chemical exposome. Association of the determinants with maternal 25(OH)D3 levels was estimated in single- and multiple-exposure models. Machine learning techniques were used to predict 25(OH)D3 levels below sufficiency. Results The prevalence of insuffiency (< 30 ng/ml) of 25(OH)D3 levels was 51 %. In the single-exposure analysis, older age, higher socioeconomic status, taking vitamin D, B12 and other supplementation, and higher humidity, atmospheric pressure and UV rays were associated with higher levels of 25(OH)D3 (IQR increase of age: 1.2 [95 % CI: 0.6, 1.8] ng/mL 25(OH)D3). In the multiple-exposures model, most of these associations remained and others were revealed. Higher body mass index, PM2.5 and high deprivation area were associated with lower 25(OH)D3 levels (i.e., Quartile 4 of PM2.5 vs Q1: −3.6 [95 % CI: −5.6, −1.5] ng/mL of 25(OH)D3). History of allergy and asthma, being multiparous, intake of vegetable fat, vitamin B6, alcohol consumption and molybdenum were associated with higher levels. The machine learning classification model confirmed some of these associations. Conclusions This comprehensive study shows that younger age, higher body mass index, higher deprived areas, higher air pollution and lower UV rays and lower humidity are associated with lower 25(OH)D3 levels.
Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants of vitamin D levels in pregnant women in Spain
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7698-3882
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-8313
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-8740
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6550-1584
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-1758
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2112-6740
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5030-1915
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights We evaluated the determinants of low vitamin D levels in Spanish pregnant women. Younger women, smokers, overweight, and in deprived areas had lower Vitamin D levels. High air pollution and humidity were associated with lower vitamin D levels. Machine learning models promise effective vitamin D insufficiency screening. Insights from this study may be useful for implementing preventive measures.
Abstract Introduction Vitamin D bellow sufficiency (<30ng/ml circulating levels) is a worldwide public health concern and pregnant women are especially vulnerable, affecting the health of the mother and the fetus. This study aims to evaluate the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants associated with circulating vitamin D levels in Spanish pregnant women. Methods We used data from the Spanish INMA (“Infancia y Medio Ambiente”) prospective birth cohort study from the regions of Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, and Valencia. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) was measured in plasma collected in the first trimester of pregnancy. Information on 108 determinants was gathered: 13 sociodemographic, 48 lifestyle including diet, smoking and physical activity, and 47 environmental variables, representing the urban and the chemical exposome. Association of the determinants with maternal 25(OH)D3 levels was estimated in single- and multiple-exposure models. Machine learning techniques were used to predict 25(OH)D3 levels below sufficiency. Results The prevalence of insuffiency (< 30 ng/ml) of 25(OH)D3 levels was 51 %. In the single-exposure analysis, older age, higher socioeconomic status, taking vitamin D, B12 and other supplementation, and higher humidity, atmospheric pressure and UV rays were associated with higher levels of 25(OH)D3 (IQR increase of age: 1.2 [95 % CI: 0.6, 1.8] ng/mL 25(OH)D3). In the multiple-exposures model, most of these associations remained and others were revealed. Higher body mass index, PM2.5 and high deprivation area were associated with lower 25(OH)D3 levels (i.e., Quartile 4 of PM2.5 vs Q1: −3.6 [95 % CI: −5.6, −1.5] ng/mL of 25(OH)D3). History of allergy and asthma, being multiparous, intake of vegetable fat, vitamin B6, alcohol consumption and molybdenum were associated with higher levels. The machine learning classification model confirmed some of these associations. Conclusions This comprehensive study shows that younger age, higher body mass index, higher deprived areas, higher air pollution and lower UV rays and lower humidity are associated with lower 25(OH)D3 levels.
Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants of vitamin D levels in pregnant women in Spain
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7698-3882
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3179-8313
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-8740
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6550-1584
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-1758
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2112-6740
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5030-1915
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights We evaluated the determinants of low vitamin D levels in Spanish pregnant women. Younger women, smokers, overweight, and in deprived areas had lower Vitamin D levels. High air pollution and humidity were associated with lower vitamin D levels. Machine learning models promise effective vitamin D insufficiency screening. Insights from this study may be useful for implementing preventive measures.
Abstract Introduction Vitamin D bellow sufficiency (<30ng/ml circulating levels) is a worldwide public health concern and pregnant women are especially vulnerable, affecting the health of the mother and the fetus. This study aims to evaluate the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants associated with circulating vitamin D levels in Spanish pregnant women. Methods We used data from the Spanish INMA (“Infancia y Medio Ambiente”) prospective birth cohort study from the regions of Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, and Valencia. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) was measured in plasma collected in the first trimester of pregnancy. Information on 108 determinants was gathered: 13 sociodemographic, 48 lifestyle including diet, smoking and physical activity, and 47 environmental variables, representing the urban and the chemical exposome. Association of the determinants with maternal 25(OH)D3 levels was estimated in single- and multiple-exposure models. Machine learning techniques were used to predict 25(OH)D3 levels below sufficiency. Results The prevalence of insuffiency (< 30 ng/ml) of 25(OH)D3 levels was 51 %. In the single-exposure analysis, older age, higher socioeconomic status, taking vitamin D, B12 and other supplementation, and higher humidity, atmospheric pressure and UV rays were associated with higher levels of 25(OH)D3 (IQR increase of age: 1.2 [95 % CI: 0.6, 1.8] ng/mL 25(OH)D3). In the multiple-exposures model, most of these associations remained and others were revealed. Higher body mass index, PM2.5 and high deprivation area were associated with lower 25(OH)D3 levels (i.e., Quartile 4 of PM2.5 vs Q1: −3.6 [95 % CI: −5.6, −1.5] ng/mL of 25(OH)D3). History of allergy and asthma, being multiparous, intake of vegetable fat, vitamin B6, alcohol consumption and molybdenum were associated with higher levels. The machine learning classification model confirmed some of these associations. Conclusions This comprehensive study shows that younger age, higher body mass index, higher deprived areas, higher air pollution and lower UV rays and lower humidity are associated with lower 25(OH)D3 levels.
Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and environmental determinants of vitamin D levels in pregnant women in Spain
Llopis, Maria (author) / Ventura, Paula Sol (author) / Brachowicz, Nicolai (author) / Sangüesa, Júlia (author) / Murcia, Mario (author) / Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose (author) / García-Baquero, Gonzalo (author) / Lertxundi, Aitana (author) / Vrijheid, Martine (author) / Casas, Maribel (author)
2023-10-25
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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