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On the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and relationship with indoor conditions at a hospital
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-2264
Abstract The limited knowledge about the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is a current challenge on a global scale. Among possible transmission routes, air transfer of the virus is thought to be prominent. To investigate this further, measurements were conducted at Razi hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, which was selected to treat COVID-19 severe cases in the Khuzestan province. Passive and active sampling methods were employed and compared with regard to their efficiency for collection of airborne SARS-COV-2 virus particles. Fifty one indoor air samples were collected in two areas, with distances of less than or equal to 1 m (patient room) and more than 3 m away (hallway and nurse station) from patient beds. A simulation method was used to obtain the virus load released by a regularly breathing or coughing individual including a range of microdroplet emissions. Using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 11.76% (N = 6) of all indoor air samples (N = 51) collected in the COVID-19 ward tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus, including 4 cases in patient rooms and 2 cases in the hallway. Also, 5 of the 6 positive cases were confirmed using active sampling methods with only 1 based on passive sampling. The results support airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 bioaerosols in indoor air. Multivariate analysis showed that among 15 parameters studied, the highest correlations with PCR results were obtained for temperature, relative humidity, PM levels, and presence of an air cleaner.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Our findings confirm airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Presence of air cleaner in COVID-19 ward suppressed airway transmission of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-COV-2 concentration was estimated using a mathematical model. Active sampling technique (vs passive sampling) identified more SARS-CoV-2 positive cases. Low temperature and low humidity coincided with the presence of SARS-CoV-2.
On the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and relationship with indoor conditions at a hospital
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-2264
Abstract The limited knowledge about the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is a current challenge on a global scale. Among possible transmission routes, air transfer of the virus is thought to be prominent. To investigate this further, measurements were conducted at Razi hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, which was selected to treat COVID-19 severe cases in the Khuzestan province. Passive and active sampling methods were employed and compared with regard to their efficiency for collection of airborne SARS-COV-2 virus particles. Fifty one indoor air samples were collected in two areas, with distances of less than or equal to 1 m (patient room) and more than 3 m away (hallway and nurse station) from patient beds. A simulation method was used to obtain the virus load released by a regularly breathing or coughing individual including a range of microdroplet emissions. Using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 11.76% (N = 6) of all indoor air samples (N = 51) collected in the COVID-19 ward tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus, including 4 cases in patient rooms and 2 cases in the hallway. Also, 5 of the 6 positive cases were confirmed using active sampling methods with only 1 based on passive sampling. The results support airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 bioaerosols in indoor air. Multivariate analysis showed that among 15 parameters studied, the highest correlations with PCR results were obtained for temperature, relative humidity, PM levels, and presence of an air cleaner.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Our findings confirm airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Presence of air cleaner in COVID-19 ward suppressed airway transmission of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-COV-2 concentration was estimated using a mathematical model. Active sampling technique (vs passive sampling) identified more SARS-CoV-2 positive cases. Low temperature and low humidity coincided with the presence of SARS-CoV-2.
On the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and relationship with indoor conditions at a hospital
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2243-2264
Abstract The limited knowledge about the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is a current challenge on a global scale. Among possible transmission routes, air transfer of the virus is thought to be prominent. To investigate this further, measurements were conducted at Razi hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, which was selected to treat COVID-19 severe cases in the Khuzestan province. Passive and active sampling methods were employed and compared with regard to their efficiency for collection of airborne SARS-COV-2 virus particles. Fifty one indoor air samples were collected in two areas, with distances of less than or equal to 1 m (patient room) and more than 3 m away (hallway and nurse station) from patient beds. A simulation method was used to obtain the virus load released by a regularly breathing or coughing individual including a range of microdroplet emissions. Using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 11.76% (N = 6) of all indoor air samples (N = 51) collected in the COVID-19 ward tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus, including 4 cases in patient rooms and 2 cases in the hallway. Also, 5 of the 6 positive cases were confirmed using active sampling methods with only 1 based on passive sampling. The results support airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 bioaerosols in indoor air. Multivariate analysis showed that among 15 parameters studied, the highest correlations with PCR results were obtained for temperature, relative humidity, PM levels, and presence of an air cleaner.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights Our findings confirm airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Presence of air cleaner in COVID-19 ward suppressed airway transmission of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-COV-2 concentration was estimated using a mathematical model. Active sampling technique (vs passive sampling) identified more SARS-CoV-2 positive cases. Low temperature and low humidity coincided with the presence of SARS-CoV-2.
On the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and relationship with indoor conditions at a hospital
Baboli, Zeynab (author) / Neisi, Niloofar (author) / Babaei, Ali Akbar (author) / Ahmadi, Mehdi (author) / Sorooshian, Armin (author) / Birgani, Yaser Tahmasebi (author) / Goudarzi, Gholamreza (author)
Atmospheric Environment ; 261
2021-06-17
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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