A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Automated Erosion System to Protect Highway Bridge Crossings at Abutments
Scour around the foundations (piers and abutments) of a bridge due to river flow is often referred to as 'bridge scour'. (Ettema et al. 2006). Bridge scour is a problem of national scope that has dramatic impacts on the economy and safety of the traveling public. Bridge scour has resulted in more bridge failures than all other causes in recent history (Murillo 1987). In 1988, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) issued a technical advisory mandating the evaluation of scour potential at all existing bridges and the scour-resistant design of new bridges. Since this mandate, design engineers have repeatedly questioned the validity of design methods and scour predictions based on laboratory studies. The experiences of many design engineers indicated the need for collecting field data to verify the applicability and accuracy of the current design procedure for different soils (sediments), streamflow conditions, and bridges encountered throughout the United States (Richardson et al. 1993). Despite the recognized need for the collection of field data (Culbertson et al. 1967; Shen 1975), very few scour data were collected until the late 1980s. This deficiency is primarily due to the difficulty of performing accurate and complete field measurements of scour during floods, the inability to get skilled personnel to perform the measurements, and the limitations associated with existing methods and instruments. Both portable and fixed instruments have been proposed to measure and monitor bridge scour during floods. Portable scour-monitoring instruments include probing the streambed adjacent to piers and abutments with long poles or lowering a tethered sounding weight from the bridge deck (Shearman et al. 1986). A recent development of this technique involves the use of a truck with a fully articulated arm that positions the instrument on the river from the side of the bridge. Regardless of the detection mechanism, these methods require personnel to be physically present at the bridge site during the measurements, which puts the operator at risk during a flood event. Also, these methods are expensive, time consuming, and require traffic control or bridge closings to be implemented, which is undesirable especially during high volumes of traffic.
Automated Erosion System to Protect Highway Bridge Crossings at Abutments
Scour around the foundations (piers and abutments) of a bridge due to river flow is often referred to as 'bridge scour'. (Ettema et al. 2006). Bridge scour is a problem of national scope that has dramatic impacts on the economy and safety of the traveling public. Bridge scour has resulted in more bridge failures than all other causes in recent history (Murillo 1987). In 1988, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) issued a technical advisory mandating the evaluation of scour potential at all existing bridges and the scour-resistant design of new bridges. Since this mandate, design engineers have repeatedly questioned the validity of design methods and scour predictions based on laboratory studies. The experiences of many design engineers indicated the need for collecting field data to verify the applicability and accuracy of the current design procedure for different soils (sediments), streamflow conditions, and bridges encountered throughout the United States (Richardson et al. 1993). Despite the recognized need for the collection of field data (Culbertson et al. 1967; Shen 1975), very few scour data were collected until the late 1980s. This deficiency is primarily due to the difficulty of performing accurate and complete field measurements of scour during floods, the inability to get skilled personnel to perform the measurements, and the limitations associated with existing methods and instruments. Both portable and fixed instruments have been proposed to measure and monitor bridge scour during floods. Portable scour-monitoring instruments include probing the streambed adjacent to piers and abutments with long poles or lowering a tethered sounding weight from the bridge deck (Shearman et al. 1986). A recent development of this technique involves the use of a truck with a fully articulated arm that positions the instrument on the river from the side of the bridge. Regardless of the detection mechanism, these methods require personnel to be physically present at the bridge site during the measurements, which puts the operator at risk during a flood event. Also, these methods are expensive, time consuming, and require traffic control or bridge closings to be implemented, which is undesirable especially during high volumes of traffic.
Automated Erosion System to Protect Highway Bridge Crossings at Abutments
A. N. T. Papanicolaou (author) / M. Elhakeem (author) / C. Wilson (author) / F. Bertrand (author)
2010
41 pages
Report
No indication
English
Concrete in highway bridge abutments
| Engineering Index Backfile | 1909
Countermeasures to Protect Bridge Abutments from Scour
| NTIS | 2007
Ground Anchors Stabilize Highway Bridge Abutments 2.31
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1993
Three-Dimensional Modeling of Stiffness Characteristics for Highway Bridge Abutments
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1996
Bridge crossings - Weathering Steel for Highway Bridges
| Online Contents | 2012