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Photocatalytic degradation of industrial pulp and paper mill effluent using synthesized magnetic Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2: Treatment efficiency and characterizations of reused photocatalyst
In this work, heterogeneous photocatalysis was used to treat pulp and paper mill effluent (PPME). Magnetically retrievable Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was fabricated by employing a solvent-free mechanochemical process under ambient conditions. Findings elucidated the successful incorporation of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 into the TiO.sub.2 lattice. Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was found to be an irregular and slightly agglomerated surface morphology. In comparison to commercial P25, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 exhibited higher ferromagnetism and better catalyst properties with improvements in surface area (58.40 m.sup.2/g), pore volume (0.29 cm.sup.3/g), pore size (18.52 nm), and band gap (2.95 eV). Besides, reusability study revealed that Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was chemically stable and could be reused successively (five cycles) without significant changes in its photoactivity and intrinsic properties. Additionally, this study demonstrated the potential recovery of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 from an aqueous suspension by using an applied magnetic field or sedimentation. Interactive effects of photocatalytic conditions (initial effluent pH, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 dosage, and air flow-rate), reaction mechanism, and the presence of chemical oxidants (H.sub.2O.sub.2, BrO.sub.3.sup.-, and HOCl) during the treatment process of PPME were also investigated. Under optimal conditions (initial effluent pH = 3.88, [Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2] = 1.3 g/L, and air flow-rate = 2.28 L/min), the treatment efficiency of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was 98.5% higher than the P25. Based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model, apparent rate constants of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 and P25 were 9.2 x 10.sup.-3 and 2.7 x 10.sup.-3 min.sup.-1, respectively. The present study revealed not only the potential of using magnetic Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 in PPME treatment but also demonstrated high reusability and easy separation of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 from the wastewater.
Photocatalytic degradation of industrial pulp and paper mill effluent using synthesized magnetic Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2: Treatment efficiency and characterizations of reused photocatalyst
In this work, heterogeneous photocatalysis was used to treat pulp and paper mill effluent (PPME). Magnetically retrievable Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was fabricated by employing a solvent-free mechanochemical process under ambient conditions. Findings elucidated the successful incorporation of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 into the TiO.sub.2 lattice. Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was found to be an irregular and slightly agglomerated surface morphology. In comparison to commercial P25, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 exhibited higher ferromagnetism and better catalyst properties with improvements in surface area (58.40 m.sup.2/g), pore volume (0.29 cm.sup.3/g), pore size (18.52 nm), and band gap (2.95 eV). Besides, reusability study revealed that Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was chemically stable and could be reused successively (five cycles) without significant changes in its photoactivity and intrinsic properties. Additionally, this study demonstrated the potential recovery of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 from an aqueous suspension by using an applied magnetic field or sedimentation. Interactive effects of photocatalytic conditions (initial effluent pH, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 dosage, and air flow-rate), reaction mechanism, and the presence of chemical oxidants (H.sub.2O.sub.2, BrO.sub.3.sup.-, and HOCl) during the treatment process of PPME were also investigated. Under optimal conditions (initial effluent pH = 3.88, [Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2] = 1.3 g/L, and air flow-rate = 2.28 L/min), the treatment efficiency of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 was 98.5% higher than the P25. Based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model, apparent rate constants of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 and P25 were 9.2 x 10.sup.-3 and 2.7 x 10.sup.-3 min.sup.-1, respectively. The present study revealed not only the potential of using magnetic Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 in PPME treatment but also demonstrated high reusability and easy separation of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2 from the wastewater.
Photocatalytic degradation of industrial pulp and paper mill effluent using synthesized magnetic Fe.sub.2O.sub.3-TiO.sub.2: Treatment efficiency and characterizations of reused photocatalyst
Subramonian, Wennie (author) / Wu, Ta Yeong / Chai, Siang-Piao
2017
Article (Journal)
English
BKL:
43.00
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