Computer prediction of the salt composition of reservoir waters (discussion): Fid-Bau Portal

Computer prediction of the salt composition of reservoir waters (discussion)

Zimont, I. L. / Lobanskaya, N. P.

Conclusions The principles proposed for drawing up the salt balances for reservoirs with the necessary actual data available make it possible to: a) establish the proportion of each element in the salt balance for different climatic regions and types of reservoir; b) to determine the amount of salt participating in the processes in the reservoir in different characteristic periods; c) carry out operational and long-term forecasts of the salt composition of reservoirs by means of the analogs $ v_{ir} $, $ α_{dk} $ and $ α_{d.s} $.The principles proposed for drawing up salt balances provide for the consideration of several factors influencing the salt composition regime of the reservoirs and provide for effective computer application. The authors have constructed algorithms for both stages of drawing up the salt balances. Programs have been developed for the BESM-2M computer on algorithms by the engineering programmers of the All-Union Water Channel Project A. S. Cheptsov, M. A. Brodskii and R. Ya. Zakharova, with the participation of the authors. Employing these programs it is possible to carry out daily forecasts throughout the year of the salt composition of a reservoir in 1.0 to 1.5 h computer time.The available hydrochemical information is usually inadequate for making sound forecasts of the salt composition of reservoirs. In order to obtain the necessary data in different climatic regions, base reservoirs have to be selected (with seasonal and long-term flow control) and systematic hydrometric and hydrochemical work carried out on them. At the same time recorders should be used for determining levels; all the discharges and the salt concentration, sedimentation, and windborne precipitation should be simultaneously measured, increasing the frequency of reading during flood and release periods. Analyses of the chemical composition of the water over the watershed of the reservoir should be carried out on the same day and where possible at the limits of the characteristic periods; anemometers and sediment gages should be installed and read, usually at the limits of the characteristic periods; in order to establish the salt exchange between reservoir and ground water, shafts should be drilled in the bank of the reservoir in the radial direction (the levels recorded in them and the salt concentrations in the ground water should be determined); in order to study the effect of temperature on the processes in the reservoir, the temperature regime of the reservoir should be determined throughout the year, including the frozen period.Sound forecasts of the salt composition of reservoirs enable optimum operating regimes and the necessary purity of the water to be established.