A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Volcanic hazards
Summary The paper is a synoptic overview on the hazards related to volcanic eruptions and associated phenomena, on the methods of volcanic risk estimation and on the state of the art of the surveillance of active volcanoes. The volcanic hazard is evaluated with regard to the tectonic setting of volcanoes, the composition and viscosity of magmas, the character of volcanic eruptions and their energy. The seismic risk related to volcanic activity is also briefly examined. Recent developments of different methods of surveillance of active volcanoes (seismic, ground deformation, electro-magnetic, thermal and gas geochemistry) are summarized together with the impact of the use of orbital satellites in the surveillance of active volcanoes in densely populated areas with poor technological background, through centralized collection of data. The evaluation of the risk that the various zones within a single volcanic area undergo in the case of explosions, ash-flow, lava flows can be attempted on the basis of volcanic history, morphology, tectonics and meteorological characteristics. Maps of volcanic risk can be constructed which are a necessary base document for any planning of the use of territory on and near active volcanoes. A case history relative to the active volcanoes of the Naples area including Mt. Vesuvius is reported as an example of surveillance and risk evaluation.
Volcanic hazards
Summary The paper is a synoptic overview on the hazards related to volcanic eruptions and associated phenomena, on the methods of volcanic risk estimation and on the state of the art of the surveillance of active volcanoes. The volcanic hazard is evaluated with regard to the tectonic setting of volcanoes, the composition and viscosity of magmas, the character of volcanic eruptions and their energy. The seismic risk related to volcanic activity is also briefly examined. Recent developments of different methods of surveillance of active volcanoes (seismic, ground deformation, electro-magnetic, thermal and gas geochemistry) are summarized together with the impact of the use of orbital satellites in the surveillance of active volcanoes in densely populated areas with poor technological background, through centralized collection of data. The evaluation of the risk that the various zones within a single volcanic area undergo in the case of explosions, ash-flow, lava flows can be attempted on the basis of volcanic history, morphology, tectonics and meteorological characteristics. Maps of volcanic risk can be constructed which are a necessary base document for any planning of the use of territory on and near active volcanoes. A case history relative to the active volcanoes of the Naples area including Mt. Vesuvius is reported as an example of surveillance and risk evaluation.
Volcanic hazards
F., Barberi (author) / P., Gasparini (author)
1976
Article (Journal)
English
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