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Three-dimensional nonlinear flow numerical simulation considering the distribution of interlayer shear weakness zones: a case study in Baihetan hydropower project, China
Abstract The interlayer shear weakness zones (ISWZs) in the basalt are widely distributed in the rock mass, especially in hydraulic engineering. After water impoundment, the seepage gradient in the ISWZs would increase under a high head difference, and nonlinear flow may happen in it. Currently, the influence of the nonlinear seepage flow in ISWZs is still unclear. This paper presents a representative case of the Baihetan hydropower project. High-pressure packer tests were conducted to investigate the nonlinear flow; a method was derived to obtain the nonlinear flow parameters and seepage failure gradient based on the Forchheimer equation. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model was established, and a linearization approximation strategy was adopted to obtain two kinds of apparent hydraulic conductivity by the Forchheimer equation, and a numerical iterative method was used to calculate the steady nonlinear seepage field. The results show that the water head distribution by linear flow simulation will be overestimated, and the total seepage discharge estimated by linear flow assumption is about 23% larger than the nonlinear flow assumption. Meanwhile, seepage failure may happen in some parts of ISWZ $ C_{2} $ according to the evaluation criterion of the nonlinear flow model. Furthermore, two different equivalent methods of the nonlinear flow model are available for steady flow simulation. The proposed model and the method used in this study can provide guidance for evaluating the influence on the nonlinear seepage flow of weak structure planes in large engineering projects.
Three-dimensional nonlinear flow numerical simulation considering the distribution of interlayer shear weakness zones: a case study in Baihetan hydropower project, China
Abstract The interlayer shear weakness zones (ISWZs) in the basalt are widely distributed in the rock mass, especially in hydraulic engineering. After water impoundment, the seepage gradient in the ISWZs would increase under a high head difference, and nonlinear flow may happen in it. Currently, the influence of the nonlinear seepage flow in ISWZs is still unclear. This paper presents a representative case of the Baihetan hydropower project. High-pressure packer tests were conducted to investigate the nonlinear flow; a method was derived to obtain the nonlinear flow parameters and seepage failure gradient based on the Forchheimer equation. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model was established, and a linearization approximation strategy was adopted to obtain two kinds of apparent hydraulic conductivity by the Forchheimer equation, and a numerical iterative method was used to calculate the steady nonlinear seepage field. The results show that the water head distribution by linear flow simulation will be overestimated, and the total seepage discharge estimated by linear flow assumption is about 23% larger than the nonlinear flow assumption. Meanwhile, seepage failure may happen in some parts of ISWZ $ C_{2} $ according to the evaluation criterion of the nonlinear flow model. Furthermore, two different equivalent methods of the nonlinear flow model are available for steady flow simulation. The proposed model and the method used in this study can provide guidance for evaluating the influence on the nonlinear seepage flow of weak structure planes in large engineering projects.
Three-dimensional nonlinear flow numerical simulation considering the distribution of interlayer shear weakness zones: a case study in Baihetan hydropower project, China
Shen, Qi (author) / Zhou, Zhifang (author) / Li, Yabing (author)
2021
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
BKL:
56.00$jBauwesen: Allgemeines
/
38.58
Geomechanik
/
38.58$jGeomechanik
/
56.20
Ingenieurgeologie, Bodenmechanik
/
56.00
Bauwesen: Allgemeines
/
56.20$jIngenieurgeologie$jBodenmechanik
RVK:
ELIB18
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