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Vulnerability of Mechanical Properties of Rocks Generated by Rapid Decompression Fracturing Under Hydrothermal Conditions
Abstract The buildup and release of fluid pressure within faults play an important role in the changes in tectonic stress and fault strength during the interseismic period. In particular, the extremely rapid decrease in fluid pressure associated with dilational jog formation due to fault slip is termed flash vaporization and has been recognized as a driver of mineralization. Although rapid hydrothermal decompression associated with the phase change of fluids can cause cracking within the rock in the vicinity of the fault, the effect of cracks induced by rapid hydrothermal decompression on the microstructure and physical properties of rock remains unclear. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate rapid decompression under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The experiments were performed at a temperature of 180–610 ℃ and a pressure of 3.6–50.6 MPa on granitic rocks. The rock samples and distilled water were sealed in the chamber, and the chamber was heated to create a hydrothermal environment. After heating, rapid hydrothermal decompression was achieved by opening a valve connected to the interior of the chamber. The porosity of the granite samples increased by rapid hydrothermal decompression and was significantly greater than that of samples subjected to natural cooling. The microstructural observations based on X-ray computed tomography images showed that fractures occurred on surfaces in contact with water, indicating clear heterogeneity in fracture distribution. In addition, the shear modulus decreased significantly upon hydrothermal decompression. These results indicated that localized areas with high crack densities and low shear moduli on the fault plane can be created by seismic slip.
Vulnerability of Mechanical Properties of Rocks Generated by Rapid Decompression Fracturing Under Hydrothermal Conditions
Abstract The buildup and release of fluid pressure within faults play an important role in the changes in tectonic stress and fault strength during the interseismic period. In particular, the extremely rapid decrease in fluid pressure associated with dilational jog formation due to fault slip is termed flash vaporization and has been recognized as a driver of mineralization. Although rapid hydrothermal decompression associated with the phase change of fluids can cause cracking within the rock in the vicinity of the fault, the effect of cracks induced by rapid hydrothermal decompression on the microstructure and physical properties of rock remains unclear. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate rapid decompression under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The experiments were performed at a temperature of 180–610 ℃ and a pressure of 3.6–50.6 MPa on granitic rocks. The rock samples and distilled water were sealed in the chamber, and the chamber was heated to create a hydrothermal environment. After heating, rapid hydrothermal decompression was achieved by opening a valve connected to the interior of the chamber. The porosity of the granite samples increased by rapid hydrothermal decompression and was significantly greater than that of samples subjected to natural cooling. The microstructural observations based on X-ray computed tomography images showed that fractures occurred on surfaces in contact with water, indicating clear heterogeneity in fracture distribution. In addition, the shear modulus decreased significantly upon hydrothermal decompression. These results indicated that localized areas with high crack densities and low shear moduli on the fault plane can be created by seismic slip.
Vulnerability of Mechanical Properties of Rocks Generated by Rapid Decompression Fracturing Under Hydrothermal Conditions
Rock Mech Rock Eng
Sueyoshi, Kazumasa (author) / Aoshima, Satoshi (author) / Takagi, Kenta (author) / Mizuno, Katsuya (author) / Hirano, Nobuo (author) / Tsuchiya, Noriyoshi (author)
2025-03-21
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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