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Heavy Metals Influence on the Geotechnical Performance of Black Cotton Soil for Liner Application
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-063X
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2752-2768
Engineered landfills serve a major role in avoiding the hazardous consequences of solid waste on the surrounding environment. Liners act as barrier layers in landfills to avoid the interaction of leachate with groundwater by possessing low permeability and high swelling capacities. Usually, bentonite clays (abundant in montmorillonite mineral) produce these essential requirements of barrier material. On the other hand, many researchers have been mixed sands with these bentonite clays to overcome the high compressibility tendency of bentonites. However, the availability of these bentonites is limited in India, and also usage of sand is not economical as well. Therefore, it is essential to look for promising alternative and stable materials for landfill application. For this purpose, black cotton soil (BCS), which is rich in montmorillonite and occupied by many states of India, is chosen as landfill liner material in this investigation. Heavy metal pollution is another concern in landfills, which influences the stability of liners. Therefore, two hazardous metals, cadmium and hexavalent chromium, are chosen for this work at two different concentrations (100–1000 ppm) to study the engineering performance of BCS. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to examine BCS's swelling and compressibility properties under these heavy metal concentrations. Results showed that the rise in heavy metal concentrations reduced Atterberg limits, free swell index, oedometer swelling, and coefficient of volume compressibility (mv). However, a negligible difference was observed in compression ratios. Finally, BCS test results showed a considerable difference with hexavalent chromium concentrations than cadmium towards soil properties.
Heavy Metals Influence on the Geotechnical Performance of Black Cotton Soil for Liner Application
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-063X
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2752-2768
Engineered landfills serve a major role in avoiding the hazardous consequences of solid waste on the surrounding environment. Liners act as barrier layers in landfills to avoid the interaction of leachate with groundwater by possessing low permeability and high swelling capacities. Usually, bentonite clays (abundant in montmorillonite mineral) produce these essential requirements of barrier material. On the other hand, many researchers have been mixed sands with these bentonite clays to overcome the high compressibility tendency of bentonites. However, the availability of these bentonites is limited in India, and also usage of sand is not economical as well. Therefore, it is essential to look for promising alternative and stable materials for landfill application. For this purpose, black cotton soil (BCS), which is rich in montmorillonite and occupied by many states of India, is chosen as landfill liner material in this investigation. Heavy metal pollution is another concern in landfills, which influences the stability of liners. Therefore, two hazardous metals, cadmium and hexavalent chromium, are chosen for this work at two different concentrations (100–1000 ppm) to study the engineering performance of BCS. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to examine BCS's swelling and compressibility properties under these heavy metal concentrations. Results showed that the rise in heavy metal concentrations reduced Atterberg limits, free swell index, oedometer swelling, and coefficient of volume compressibility (mv). However, a negligible difference was observed in compression ratios. Finally, BCS test results showed a considerable difference with hexavalent chromium concentrations than cadmium towards soil properties.
Heavy Metals Influence on the Geotechnical Performance of Black Cotton Soil for Liner Application
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-063X
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2752-2768
Engineered landfills serve a major role in avoiding the hazardous consequences of solid waste on the surrounding environment. Liners act as barrier layers in landfills to avoid the interaction of leachate with groundwater by possessing low permeability and high swelling capacities. Usually, bentonite clays (abundant in montmorillonite mineral) produce these essential requirements of barrier material. On the other hand, many researchers have been mixed sands with these bentonite clays to overcome the high compressibility tendency of bentonites. However, the availability of these bentonites is limited in India, and also usage of sand is not economical as well. Therefore, it is essential to look for promising alternative and stable materials for landfill application. For this purpose, black cotton soil (BCS), which is rich in montmorillonite and occupied by many states of India, is chosen as landfill liner material in this investigation. Heavy metal pollution is another concern in landfills, which influences the stability of liners. Therefore, two hazardous metals, cadmium and hexavalent chromium, are chosen for this work at two different concentrations (100–1000 ppm) to study the engineering performance of BCS. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to examine BCS's swelling and compressibility properties under these heavy metal concentrations. Results showed that the rise in heavy metal concentrations reduced Atterberg limits, free swell index, oedometer swelling, and coefficient of volume compressibility (mv). However, a negligible difference was observed in compression ratios. Finally, BCS test results showed a considerable difference with hexavalent chromium concentrations than cadmium towards soil properties.
Heavy Metals Influence on the Geotechnical Performance of Black Cotton Soil for Liner Application
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Agnihotri, Arvind Kumar (editor) / Reddy, Krishna R. (editor) / Bansal, Ajay (editor) / Babu, N. Mahesh (author) / Mishra, Anil Kumar (author)
International Conference on Environmental Geotechnology, Recycled Waste Materials and Sustainable Engineering ; 2023 ; Jalandhar, India
2024-08-21
11 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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