Electrical Models for EV’s Batteries: An Overview and Mathematical Design of RC Network: Fid-Bau Portal

Electrical Models for EV’s Batteries: An Overview and Mathematical Design of RC Network

Pande, Arvind S. / Soni, Bhanu Pratap / Bhadane, Kishor V.

Globally technological development is enhancing day by day, and due to huge industrialization, the requirement of electric power is also increasing. Peoples are facing the huge greenhouse gases emission problem due to traditional gasoline-based transportation system, and hence traditional transportation is needed to transform into green transportation using electric vehicles. Electric vehicles (EV) can be used in two ways like battery-operated electric vehicle and retrofitting-based EV. Due to merits of battery-operated vehicles as compared to immature retrofitting-based EV, they are mostly used. EV is developed by using various subsystems and subsections like battery, motor, chargers, etc. Due to huge utilization of EV, there is needed to be analyzed the overall performance of EV, battery and its internal parameters too. As performance of EV is concern, various technical factors are required to deal with it such as internal resistance, battery life such as state of charge (SoC) and dead of discharge (DoD), state of health (SoH), specific energy and power, charging (C) and discharging time (D) i.e., C and D rate, temperature, etc. Hence in this attempt, the detailed survey of above parameters is performed by using electric circuit models (ECM). The internal circuit parameters are also considered for overall performance analysis of battery. The goal of this paper is to study and investigate the major ECM of battery that used in EV and also to determine the internal parameters of battery using proposed algorithm. In addition to ECM, fractional order model, hysteresis effect in ECM and PNGV model is also discussed. Function of BMS in battery testing is considered. Various models of ECM such as Simple Model, Enhanced Simple Model, Dynamic Model, Thevenin-based model, modified generic model, and Tremblay model are critically reviewed, and all mention the elaboration of internal parameters of battery. During the study of Thevenin model, it has been highlighted that third order is responsible for creating the huge transient response in ECM and hence to reduce the transient response; there is need to design and develop the optimistic R, C parameters of ECM. Detailed studies of comparative analysis of various models are highlighted by considering the uncertainty analysis.