A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Mitigation of Alkali Induced Heave in Transformed Kaolinitic Clays Using Fly Ash and GGBS
The paper aims to focus on the possibility of using industrial by-products like fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for stabilizing the induced heave in alkali transformed kaolinitic clays i.e., red earth (ATRE) and kaolin (ATK). Effective usage of industrial by-products such as FA and GGBS for reducing the alkali induced heave in clays can be best solution for reducing the carbon footprint resulting from other stabilizers such as lime. Furthermore, proceeding toward incorporating by-products for stabilization purposes will also reduce the depletion of natural resources. Studies on transformed clays showed unexpected changes in swelling behavior when inundated with water and alkali solution. Samples that exhibited high swelling (i.e., ATRE with 0.1 N, 1 N NaOH, and ATK with 0.1 N NaOH) were selected for carrying out stabilization studies. Decrease in swelling was noticed with the addition of FA and GGBS. Alkali transformed red earth (ATRE) treated with 20% fly ash showed an overall decrease in swelling of about 86% in 0.1 N and 1 N NaOH, whereas 20% GGBS showed a reduction of about 75% in both solution. Furthermore, alkali transformed kaolin (ATK) inundated with 0.1 N NaOH solution showed a reduction in swelling of about 63% and 77% with addition of 10% FA and 10% GGBS, respectively. The reduction in swelling with FA and GGBS is attributed to the formation of sodium and calcium-based mineral polymers, respectively. These polymers bind the partially reacted and unreacted particles restricting the alkali induced swell. XRD and SEM studies highlighted the micro level alterations.
Mitigation of Alkali Induced Heave in Transformed Kaolinitic Clays Using Fly Ash and GGBS
The paper aims to focus on the possibility of using industrial by-products like fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) for stabilizing the induced heave in alkali transformed kaolinitic clays i.e., red earth (ATRE) and kaolin (ATK). Effective usage of industrial by-products such as FA and GGBS for reducing the alkali induced heave in clays can be best solution for reducing the carbon footprint resulting from other stabilizers such as lime. Furthermore, proceeding toward incorporating by-products for stabilization purposes will also reduce the depletion of natural resources. Studies on transformed clays showed unexpected changes in swelling behavior when inundated with water and alkali solution. Samples that exhibited high swelling (i.e., ATRE with 0.1 N, 1 N NaOH, and ATK with 0.1 N NaOH) were selected for carrying out stabilization studies. Decrease in swelling was noticed with the addition of FA and GGBS. Alkali transformed red earth (ATRE) treated with 20% fly ash showed an overall decrease in swelling of about 86% in 0.1 N and 1 N NaOH, whereas 20% GGBS showed a reduction of about 75% in both solution. Furthermore, alkali transformed kaolin (ATK) inundated with 0.1 N NaOH solution showed a reduction in swelling of about 63% and 77% with addition of 10% FA and 10% GGBS, respectively. The reduction in swelling with FA and GGBS is attributed to the formation of sodium and calcium-based mineral polymers, respectively. These polymers bind the partially reacted and unreacted particles restricting the alkali induced swell. XRD and SEM studies highlighted the micro level alterations.
Mitigation of Alkali Induced Heave in Transformed Kaolinitic Clays Using Fly Ash and GGBS
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Reddy, Krishna R. (editor) / Agnihotri, Arvind K. (editor) / Yukselen-Aksoy, Yeliz (editor) / Dubey, Brajesh K. (editor) / Bansal, Ajay (editor) / Lakshmi Sruthi, P. (author) / Hari Prasad Reddy, P. (author)
2020-09-17
10 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
Physico-chemical characterization of alkali-contaminated tropical kaolinitic clays
| Taylor & Francis Verlag | 2020
Swelling behavior of kaolinitic clays contaminated with alkali solutions: A micro-level study
| Online Contents | 2016