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Lithium Ion Materials for Energy Applications: Structural Properties from Neutron Diffraction
Abstract Cathode materials and solid electrolytes to be used in lithium batteries require a high ionic mobility of ${\rm Li}^+$ species in their crystal structures. This in turn depends on the order–disorder state of lithium and on its bonding environment. Neutron diffraction is the choice technique to study the structural features of polycrystalline lithium materials that control their performance in ion transport processes. The basic principles of ionic mobility in solids and of the Rietveld refinement methods for neutron diffraction data are briefly reviewed. Then two important families of lithium conductors are selected from the literature and thoroughly discussed: the LLTO perovskite-type ${\rm Li}_x{\rm La}_{2/3\hbox{--}x/3}{\rm TiO}_3$ system and the ${\rm Li}_{1+x}{\rm Me}_2({\rm PO}_4)_3$ Nasicon phases. Accurate neutron diffraction determinations of the corresponding crystal structures have been shown to provide a considerable insight into the mechanisms of ${\rm Li}^+$ ion transfer in such materials.
Lithium Ion Materials for Energy Applications: Structural Properties from Neutron Diffraction
Abstract Cathode materials and solid electrolytes to be used in lithium batteries require a high ionic mobility of ${\rm Li}^+$ species in their crystal structures. This in turn depends on the order–disorder state of lithium and on its bonding environment. Neutron diffraction is the choice technique to study the structural features of polycrystalline lithium materials that control their performance in ion transport processes. The basic principles of ionic mobility in solids and of the Rietveld refinement methods for neutron diffraction data are briefly reviewed. Then two important families of lithium conductors are selected from the literature and thoroughly discussed: the LLTO perovskite-type ${\rm Li}_x{\rm La}_{2/3\hbox{--}x/3}{\rm TiO}_3$ system and the ${\rm Li}_{1+x}{\rm Me}_2({\rm PO}_4)_3$ Nasicon phases. Accurate neutron diffraction determinations of the corresponding crystal structures have been shown to provide a considerable insight into the mechanisms of ${\rm Li}^+$ ion transfer in such materials.
Lithium Ion Materials for Energy Applications: Structural Properties from Neutron Diffraction
Catti, Michele (author)
2007-01-01
22 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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