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Catalytic pyrolysis of different plastics using low-cost catalysts: wax characteristics and oil stability
The marketing of pyrolysis oil derived from plastic waste is impeded by oil instability, influenced by the wax formation. It is essential to identify the wax source and determine the fuel types produced from various plastic waste. This research aims to investigate the outcomes of pyrolysis conducted at 450 °C using bentonite catalyst. Wax formation and pyrolysis oil stability were analyzed across different storage temperatures (16–42 °C). The result revealed that each type of plastic waste has its own characteristics. Pyrolysis of PS and PP without catalyst produced almost wax free oil and completely wax free oil using catalyst. HDPE and LDPE non-catalytic pyrolysis produced entirely waxy pyrolysis oil (melting point at 38 °C). The utilization of a catalyst does not significantly alter the melting point. PC and PVC plastics are not advisable for large-scale pyrolysis oil conversion due to their low yields, high char, and substantial energy requirements. The highest oil yield was achieved in PS pyrolysis (97.62 wt%), followed by LDPE (77.66 wt%), PP (74.98 wt%), and HDPE (65.82 wt%). The application of catalyst reduces the liquid yield and increases the gas yield for PS, PP, and LDPE pyrolysis. The highest gasoline fraction was predominantly obtained from PS pyrolysis without catalyst (56.43 wt%), while the highest diesel from PS with catalyst (37.09 wt%). PS, PP, HDPE, and LDPE are recommended for conversion into pyrolysis oil. Further research on catalysts is required to prevent and process the waxy pyrolysis oil into marketable fuels in the second stage of catalytic cracking.
PC and PVC are not recommended as raw materials for plastic waste pyrolysis to produce pyrolysis oil.
Pyrolysis of PS and PP exhibits almost no wax and completely wax-free oil using bentonite as a catalyst.
The use of catalyst can increase the gasoline fraction in PP and LDPE but decrease in PS and HDPE.
Catalytic pyrolysis of different plastics using low-cost catalysts: wax characteristics and oil stability
The marketing of pyrolysis oil derived from plastic waste is impeded by oil instability, influenced by the wax formation. It is essential to identify the wax source and determine the fuel types produced from various plastic waste. This research aims to investigate the outcomes of pyrolysis conducted at 450 °C using bentonite catalyst. Wax formation and pyrolysis oil stability were analyzed across different storage temperatures (16–42 °C). The result revealed that each type of plastic waste has its own characteristics. Pyrolysis of PS and PP without catalyst produced almost wax free oil and completely wax free oil using catalyst. HDPE and LDPE non-catalytic pyrolysis produced entirely waxy pyrolysis oil (melting point at 38 °C). The utilization of a catalyst does not significantly alter the melting point. PC and PVC plastics are not advisable for large-scale pyrolysis oil conversion due to their low yields, high char, and substantial energy requirements. The highest oil yield was achieved in PS pyrolysis (97.62 wt%), followed by LDPE (77.66 wt%), PP (74.98 wt%), and HDPE (65.82 wt%). The application of catalyst reduces the liquid yield and increases the gas yield for PS, PP, and LDPE pyrolysis. The highest gasoline fraction was predominantly obtained from PS pyrolysis without catalyst (56.43 wt%), while the highest diesel from PS with catalyst (37.09 wt%). PS, PP, HDPE, and LDPE are recommended for conversion into pyrolysis oil. Further research on catalysts is required to prevent and process the waxy pyrolysis oil into marketable fuels in the second stage of catalytic cracking.
PC and PVC are not recommended as raw materials for plastic waste pyrolysis to produce pyrolysis oil.
Pyrolysis of PS and PP exhibits almost no wax and completely wax-free oil using bentonite as a catalyst.
The use of catalyst can increase the gasoline fraction in PP and LDPE but decrease in PS and HDPE.
Catalytic pyrolysis of different plastics using low-cost catalysts: wax characteristics and oil stability
Energ. Ecol. Environ.
Aprianti, Nabila (author) / Rahmawati, Rivani (author) / Satria (author) / Ermada, Fahruddin Joko (author) / Fariza, Oni (author) / Alamsyah, Rizal (author) / Kismanto, Agus (author)
Energy, Ecology and Environment ; 10 ; 110-124
2025-02-01
15 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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