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Gasoline Contaminated Sites: Pollutant Transport and Remediation
Gasoline type contaminants are a serious threat to soil and groundwater quality as well as health and welfare of general public. Most constituents of gasoline are volatile organic compounds. Soil vapor extraction and air sparging (SVE/AS) are the most efficient techniques to remediate soils and groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds. Hence in this state-of-the-art review paper the transport of gasoline-type contaminants in subsurface system and subsequent remediation process are introduced, discussed and summarized. First the mechanism of contaminant transport in subsurface system is briefly introduced, and the mass transport equations, fluid flow equations, and the constitutive model of relative permeability — saturation — capillary pressure are discussed. Then the numerical method is introduced to simulate the process of multiphase flow and contaminate transport in porous media, and the tempo-spatial distribution of contaminants. Then the geotechnical centrifuge modeling, a convenient and efficient physical modeling technique is introduced.
Centrifuge model tests were conducted to study transport behavior of gasoline during contamination and remediation process, as well as air flow patterns during sparging process. The test results showed that gasoline infiltrated the vadose zone and moved downwards, forming a high concentration zone above the water table and then spreading out laterally. The water solubility and soil property influence gasoline transport behavior. The vapor pressure of contaminant seems to be an important factor affecting the efficiency of SVE. The zone of influence (ZOI) for air sparging is cone-shaped, and a stable ZOI can be maintained by the sparging pressure higher that a critical value. Based in the presentation it can be concluded that a combination of numerical simulation and centrifuge modeling can be a used to understand the subsurface transport of LNAPLs and their remediation.
Gasoline Contaminated Sites: Pollutant Transport and Remediation
Gasoline type contaminants are a serious threat to soil and groundwater quality as well as health and welfare of general public. Most constituents of gasoline are volatile organic compounds. Soil vapor extraction and air sparging (SVE/AS) are the most efficient techniques to remediate soils and groundwater contaminated with volatile organic compounds. Hence in this state-of-the-art review paper the transport of gasoline-type contaminants in subsurface system and subsequent remediation process are introduced, discussed and summarized. First the mechanism of contaminant transport in subsurface system is briefly introduced, and the mass transport equations, fluid flow equations, and the constitutive model of relative permeability — saturation — capillary pressure are discussed. Then the numerical method is introduced to simulate the process of multiphase flow and contaminate transport in porous media, and the tempo-spatial distribution of contaminants. Then the geotechnical centrifuge modeling, a convenient and efficient physical modeling technique is introduced.
Centrifuge model tests were conducted to study transport behavior of gasoline during contamination and remediation process, as well as air flow patterns during sparging process. The test results showed that gasoline infiltrated the vadose zone and moved downwards, forming a high concentration zone above the water table and then spreading out laterally. The water solubility and soil property influence gasoline transport behavior. The vapor pressure of contaminant seems to be an important factor affecting the efficiency of SVE. The zone of influence (ZOI) for air sparging is cone-shaped, and a stable ZOI can be maintained by the sparging pressure higher that a critical value. Based in the presentation it can be concluded that a combination of numerical simulation and centrifuge modeling can be a used to understand the subsurface transport of LNAPLs and their remediation.
Gasoline Contaminated Sites: Pollutant Transport and Remediation
Chen, Yunmin (editor) / Zhan, Liangtong (editor) / Tang, Xiaowu (editor) / Hu, Li-Ming (author) / Meegoda, Jay N. (author) / Lo, Irene M. C. (author) / Liu, Yan (author) / Gao, Sheng-Yan (author) / Wu, Zhao-Qun (author)
Advances in Environmental Geotechnics ; Chapter: 15 ; 221-235
2010-01-01
15 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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