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COMPUTATION OF GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW
Water-surface elevations are necessary for engineering applications, such as planning, design, and operation of open channels in order to assess the consequences of various engineering works and channel variations. A dam, for example, raises water levels upstream of the dam, and determining the flow depths in the upstream area is required to calculate the degree of flooding. In this chapter, computations of these gradually varied flows in such cases are presented. These computations, generally referred to as water-surface profile calculations, determine the water-surface elevations along the channel length for a specified discharge.
Two traditional methods – commonly referred to as the direct and standard step methods – are first presented in which the energy equation between two consecutive channel sections is being solved. Then, a number of numerical methods are presented to integrate the governing differential equation. These methods do not allow a direct solution of parallel-channel systems or complex channel networks. For the analysis of these channel systems, a simultaneous solution algorithm based on the Newton-Raphson method is presented. The computations progress step by step from one section to the next. A procedure is then presented that computes the flow conditions at all specified locations of a channel system simultaneously instead of computing them from one section to the next.
COMPUTATION OF GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW
Water-surface elevations are necessary for engineering applications, such as planning, design, and operation of open channels in order to assess the consequences of various engineering works and channel variations. A dam, for example, raises water levels upstream of the dam, and determining the flow depths in the upstream area is required to calculate the degree of flooding. In this chapter, computations of these gradually varied flows in such cases are presented. These computations, generally referred to as water-surface profile calculations, determine the water-surface elevations along the channel length for a specified discharge.
Two traditional methods – commonly referred to as the direct and standard step methods – are first presented in which the energy equation between two consecutive channel sections is being solved. Then, a number of numerical methods are presented to integrate the governing differential equation. These methods do not allow a direct solution of parallel-channel systems or complex channel networks. For the analysis of these channel systems, a simultaneous solution algorithm based on the Newton-Raphson method is presented. The computations progress step by step from one section to the next. A procedure is then presented that computes the flow conditions at all specified locations of a channel system simultaneously instead of computing them from one section to the next.
COMPUTATION OF GRADUALLY VARIED FLOW
Chaudhry, M. Hanif (author)
Open-Channel Flow ; Chapter: 6 ; 155-201
2022-01-01
47 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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