A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Behaviour and Design Considerations of Steel Shelf Angles Installed onto Knife Plates While Supporting Masonry Veneer Walls
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-769X
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0934-906X
In many areas of Canada, increased insulation in building envelopes is required by the National Energy Code for Buildings (NECB) to improve thermal performance and reduce the heating demand and carbon footprint of new buildings. This has led to an increase in the depth of insulation installed on brick veneer walls which in turn, require the shelf angles that support the brick veneer to be installed onto intermittent stand-offs, such as knife plates, rather than directly bolting them to the concrete foundation. Despite the ubiquity of these shelf angle systems, there are no provisions in current North American masonry design standards that address their design. There is a need to address shelf angle system design as the behaviour of this three-dimensional system is highly nonlinear and complex. The limited bond strength between the wall and the shelf angle results in local separations and stress redistribution. Lack of design guidance has resulted in many current shelf angle systems being underdesigned. The structural performance of a shelf angle on knife plates is explored via three-dimensional, nonlinear finite element analysis. Wall heights of 3.66, 7.32, and 9.14 m were considered with the walls supported laterally by ties and contact between the wall and shelf angle modelled as frictional. The results show good agreement with the conclusions of others and simple hand calculations. This study is a preliminary investigation to be verified against future experimental results. Subsequently, a design table for shelf angle systems can be developed for safe, easy, and quick designs.
Behaviour and Design Considerations of Steel Shelf Angles Installed onto Knife Plates While Supporting Masonry Veneer Walls
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-769X
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0934-906X
In many areas of Canada, increased insulation in building envelopes is required by the National Energy Code for Buildings (NECB) to improve thermal performance and reduce the heating demand and carbon footprint of new buildings. This has led to an increase in the depth of insulation installed on brick veneer walls which in turn, require the shelf angles that support the brick veneer to be installed onto intermittent stand-offs, such as knife plates, rather than directly bolting them to the concrete foundation. Despite the ubiquity of these shelf angle systems, there are no provisions in current North American masonry design standards that address their design. There is a need to address shelf angle system design as the behaviour of this three-dimensional system is highly nonlinear and complex. The limited bond strength between the wall and the shelf angle results in local separations and stress redistribution. Lack of design guidance has resulted in many current shelf angle systems being underdesigned. The structural performance of a shelf angle on knife plates is explored via three-dimensional, nonlinear finite element analysis. Wall heights of 3.66, 7.32, and 9.14 m were considered with the walls supported laterally by ties and contact between the wall and shelf angle modelled as frictional. The results show good agreement with the conclusions of others and simple hand calculations. This study is a preliminary investigation to be verified against future experimental results. Subsequently, a design table for shelf angle systems can be developed for safe, easy, and quick designs.
Behaviour and Design Considerations of Steel Shelf Angles Installed onto Knife Plates While Supporting Masonry Veneer Walls
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-769X
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0009-0005-0934-906X
In many areas of Canada, increased insulation in building envelopes is required by the National Energy Code for Buildings (NECB) to improve thermal performance and reduce the heating demand and carbon footprint of new buildings. This has led to an increase in the depth of insulation installed on brick veneer walls which in turn, require the shelf angles that support the brick veneer to be installed onto intermittent stand-offs, such as knife plates, rather than directly bolting them to the concrete foundation. Despite the ubiquity of these shelf angle systems, there are no provisions in current North American masonry design standards that address their design. There is a need to address shelf angle system design as the behaviour of this three-dimensional system is highly nonlinear and complex. The limited bond strength between the wall and the shelf angle results in local separations and stress redistribution. Lack of design guidance has resulted in many current shelf angle systems being underdesigned. The structural performance of a shelf angle on knife plates is explored via three-dimensional, nonlinear finite element analysis. Wall heights of 3.66, 7.32, and 9.14 m were considered with the walls supported laterally by ties and contact between the wall and shelf angle modelled as frictional. The results show good agreement with the conclusions of others and simple hand calculations. This study is a preliminary investigation to be verified against future experimental results. Subsequently, a design table for shelf angle systems can be developed for safe, easy, and quick designs.
Behaviour and Design Considerations of Steel Shelf Angles Installed onto Knife Plates While Supporting Masonry Veneer Walls
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Milani, Gabriele (editor) / Ghiassi, Bahman (editor) / Haleem, Baher (author) / Hagel, Mark D. (author) / Shrive, Nigel (author)
International Brick and Block Masonry Conference ; 2024 ; Birmingham, United Kingdom
2025-01-21
14 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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