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Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of the Pollution Dispersion and Comparison with Measurements in a Street Canyon in Helsinki
Abstract A measuring campaign was conducted in a street canyon (Runeberg St.) in Helsinki in 2003–2004. The concentrations of NO x , NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 were measured at street level and at roof level at an urban background location. This study utilises the data measured from 1 Jan to 30 April, 2004, when wind speed and direction measurements were also conducted on-site at the roof level. The computational fluid dynamics model ADREA-HF was used to compute the street concentrations, and the results were compared with the measurements. The predictions for the selected cases agreed fairly well (within < 25 % for 15 min average values) with the measured data, except for two cases: a windward flow in case of a low wind speed, and a moderate southerly flow parallel to the street canyon. The main reasons for the differences of predictions and measurements are the negligence of traffic-induced turbulence in the modelling and an under-prediction of ventilation of urban background air from a crossing street. Numerical results are presented for various example cases; these illustrate the formation of the vortices in the canyon in terms of the wind direction and speed and the influence of the characteristics of the flow fields on the concentration distributions.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of the Pollution Dispersion and Comparison with Measurements in a Street Canyon in Helsinki
Abstract A measuring campaign was conducted in a street canyon (Runeberg St.) in Helsinki in 2003–2004. The concentrations of NO x , NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 were measured at street level and at roof level at an urban background location. This study utilises the data measured from 1 Jan to 30 April, 2004, when wind speed and direction measurements were also conducted on-site at the roof level. The computational fluid dynamics model ADREA-HF was used to compute the street concentrations, and the results were compared with the measurements. The predictions for the selected cases agreed fairly well (within < 25 % for 15 min average values) with the measured data, except for two cases: a windward flow in case of a low wind speed, and a moderate southerly flow parallel to the street canyon. The main reasons for the differences of predictions and measurements are the negligence of traffic-induced turbulence in the modelling and an under-prediction of ventilation of urban background air from a crossing street. Numerical results are presented for various example cases; these illustrate the formation of the vortices in the canyon in terms of the wind direction and speed and the influence of the characteristics of the flow fields on the concentration distributions.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of the Pollution Dispersion and Comparison with Measurements in a Street Canyon in Helsinki
Neofytou, P. (author) / Haakana, M. (author) / Venetsanos, A. (author) / Kousa, A. (author) / Bartzis, J. (author) / Kukkonen, J. (author)
Environmental Modeling & Assessment ; 13 ; 439-448
2007-06-12
10 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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