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Dynamics of Methane Oxidation by Biochar-Amended Landfill Cover Soil: Long-Term Near-Field Scale Experiments
The rising levels of methane (CH4) in the atmosphere, driven by the combination of a growing population and higher energy/resource usage, have sparked worries about its contribution to climate change. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are major contributors to global CH4 emissions. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of biochar amendment in landfill cover soil to enhance microbial CH4 oxidation. However, landfills also release carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and other gases that require mitigation. To address these concerns, a biogeochemical cover (BGCC) incorporating biochar-amended soil (BAS) and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steel slag was developed earlier to concurrently remove CH4, CO2, and H2S. Laboratory experiments demonstrated significant potential for CH4, CO2, and H2S removal under simulated landfill cover conditions. However, the effectiveness of this cover in the field remains unexplored. To address this, a near-field scale tank setup of BGCC was established in the laboratory. The BGCC profile comprised of three-layers: a lower layer of 10% (w/w) BAS (45 cm), a middle layer of BOF slag (30 cm), and an upper topsoil vegetative soil layer (15 cm). Synthetic landfill gas was flushed through the tank in five phases with varying flow rates and composition. The scope of this paper is to present the CH4 oxidation occurring within the BAS layer. Gas monitoring was performed within the biocover layer over time. CH4 oxidation and physico-chemical properties were assessed at the same depth of gas concentrations monitoring but different spatial locations within the biocover layer. Results showed that Phase 2, with a 50% CH4 and 50% CO2 composition at a flux rate of 23.9 g CH4 m−2 day−1, achieved the maximum CH4 reduction. Conversely, Phase 4 exhibited the lowest reduction due to a high influx rate nearly twice that of Phase 2. The BAS demonstrated CH4 oxidation rates ranging from 227.5 to 333.7 µg CH4 g−1 day−1 spatially at a depth of 50 cm below the ground (bgs) , highlighting its significant potential for CH4 conversion into CO2.
Dynamics of Methane Oxidation by Biochar-Amended Landfill Cover Soil: Long-Term Near-Field Scale Experiments
The rising levels of methane (CH4) in the atmosphere, driven by the combination of a growing population and higher energy/resource usage, have sparked worries about its contribution to climate change. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are major contributors to global CH4 emissions. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of biochar amendment in landfill cover soil to enhance microbial CH4 oxidation. However, landfills also release carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and other gases that require mitigation. To address these concerns, a biogeochemical cover (BGCC) incorporating biochar-amended soil (BAS) and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steel slag was developed earlier to concurrently remove CH4, CO2, and H2S. Laboratory experiments demonstrated significant potential for CH4, CO2, and H2S removal under simulated landfill cover conditions. However, the effectiveness of this cover in the field remains unexplored. To address this, a near-field scale tank setup of BGCC was established in the laboratory. The BGCC profile comprised of three-layers: a lower layer of 10% (w/w) BAS (45 cm), a middle layer of BOF slag (30 cm), and an upper topsoil vegetative soil layer (15 cm). Synthetic landfill gas was flushed through the tank in five phases with varying flow rates and composition. The scope of this paper is to present the CH4 oxidation occurring within the BAS layer. Gas monitoring was performed within the biocover layer over time. CH4 oxidation and physico-chemical properties were assessed at the same depth of gas concentrations monitoring but different spatial locations within the biocover layer. Results showed that Phase 2, with a 50% CH4 and 50% CO2 composition at a flux rate of 23.9 g CH4 m−2 day−1, achieved the maximum CH4 reduction. Conversely, Phase 4 exhibited the lowest reduction due to a high influx rate nearly twice that of Phase 2. The BAS demonstrated CH4 oxidation rates ranging from 227.5 to 333.7 µg CH4 g−1 day−1 spatially at a depth of 50 cm below the ground (bgs) , highlighting its significant potential for CH4 conversion into CO2.
Dynamics of Methane Oxidation by Biochar-Amended Landfill Cover Soil: Long-Term Near-Field Scale Experiments
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Agnihotri, Arvind Kumar (editor) / Reddy, Krishna R. (editor) / Bansal, Ajay (editor) / Verma, Gaurav (author) / Chetri, Jyoti K. (author) / Reddy, Krishna R. (author)
International Conference on Environmental Geotechnology, Recycled Waste Materials and Sustainable Engineering ; 2023 ; Jalandhar, India
2024-08-21
14 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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