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A rapid and sensitive immunoassay for the detection of gasoline and diesel fuel in contaminated soil
An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) reagent that detects gasoline and diesel fuel. Xylene and toluene derivatives, which are common components of gasoline, were synthesized with various types of spacers and conjugated to either bovine serum albumen or bovine thyroglobulin. A total of 16 different hapten conjugates were used for immunizing both Balb/c and Swiss Webster mice. A panel of MAbs were produced that recognized xylene and toluene in a competitive EIA. An enzyme‐hapten conjugate was prepared for the MAb (F12–3C8) that demonstrated the most suitable characteristics for sensitivity, cross‐reactivity, and compatibility with extraction buffers. The resulting EIA gave ED50 values for m‐xylene of less than 1 ppm and values of less than 500 ppb for gasoline. Diesel fuel was also detected, with ED30 values in the range of 300 ppb. When samples of gasoline were tested, the EIA gave consistent ED30 values that were independent of manufacturer or octane rating. The EIA was compatible with simplified methods for the extraction of petroleum products from soil. The EIA detected gasoline in spiked soil samples, but was not affected by extracts of negative soil samples. Commercialization of this assay will offer speed, cost effectiveness, and other significant advantages over current testing methods of gasoline and diesel fuel contamination levels in soil.
A rapid and sensitive immunoassay for the detection of gasoline and diesel fuel in contaminated soil
An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) reagent that detects gasoline and diesel fuel. Xylene and toluene derivatives, which are common components of gasoline, were synthesized with various types of spacers and conjugated to either bovine serum albumen or bovine thyroglobulin. A total of 16 different hapten conjugates were used for immunizing both Balb/c and Swiss Webster mice. A panel of MAbs were produced that recognized xylene and toluene in a competitive EIA. An enzyme‐hapten conjugate was prepared for the MAb (F12–3C8) that demonstrated the most suitable characteristics for sensitivity, cross‐reactivity, and compatibility with extraction buffers. The resulting EIA gave ED50 values for m‐xylene of less than 1 ppm and values of less than 500 ppb for gasoline. Diesel fuel was also detected, with ED30 values in the range of 300 ppb. When samples of gasoline were tested, the EIA gave consistent ED30 values that were independent of manufacturer or octane rating. The EIA was compatible with simplified methods for the extraction of petroleum products from soil. The EIA detected gasoline in spiked soil samples, but was not affected by extracts of negative soil samples. Commercialization of this assay will offer speed, cost effectiveness, and other significant advantages over current testing methods of gasoline and diesel fuel contamination levels in soil.
A rapid and sensitive immunoassay for the detection of gasoline and diesel fuel in contaminated soil
Allen, Randy L. (author) / Manning, Wayne B. (author) / McKenzie, Karen D. (author) / Withers, Tracy A. (author) / Mapes, James P. (author) / Friedman, Stephen B. (author)
Journal of Soil Contamination ; 1 ; 227-237
1992-01-01
11 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
immunoassay , gasoline , diesel , soil , monoclonal antibody
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