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Seismic Vulnerability of a Slender Stalagmite

Zembaty, Z. / Bońkowski, P.A. / Jaworski, M.A. / Gribovszki, K.

Seismic vulnerability of speleothems may serve long-term seismic risk studies. For this reason, the seismic response of stalagmite is computed using a robust FEM model calibrated from free vibration records by Hilbert–Huang modal extraction. It is demonstrated that the stalagmite vibrations consist of pairs of closely coupled flexural natural modes with a negligible role of vertical excitations. The location of the breaking point of the stalagmite is a result of a balance between the overturning bending moment and variations of horizontal cross-sections with height. Safety margins are investigated, and the ultimate peak velocity of excitations equaling 3.4 mm/s is estimated.

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Seismic Vulnerability of a Slender Stalagmite

Zembaty, Z. / Bońkowski, P.A. / Jaworski, M.A. / Gribovszki, K.

Seismic vulnerability of speleothems may serve long-term seismic risk studies. For this reason, the seismic response of stalagmite is computed using a robust FEM model calibrated from free vibration records by Hilbert–Huang modal extraction. It is demonstrated that the stalagmite vibrations consist of pairs of closely coupled flexural natural modes with a negligible role of vertical excitations. The location of the breaking point of the stalagmite is a result of a balance between the overturning bending moment and variations of horizontal cross-sections with height. Safety margins are investigated, and the ultimate peak velocity of excitations equaling 3.4 mm/s is estimated.

Seismic Vulnerability of a Slender Stalagmite

Zembaty, Z. / Bońkowski, P.A. / Jaworski, M.A. / Gribovszki, K.

Seismic vulnerability of speleothems may serve long-term seismic risk studies. For this reason, the seismic response of stalagmite is computed using a robust FEM model calibrated from free vibration records by Hilbert–Huang modal extraction. It is demonstrated that the stalagmite vibrations consist of pairs of closely coupled flexural natural modes with a negligible role of vertical excitations. The location of the breaking point of the stalagmite is a result of a balance between the overturning bending moment and variations of horizontal cross-sections with height. Safety margins are investigated, and the ultimate peak velocity of excitations equaling 3.4 mm/s is estimated.

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Title:

Seismic Vulnerability of a Slender Stalagmite

Contributors:

Zembaty, Z. (author) / Bońkowski, P.A. (author) / Jaworski, M.A. (author) / Gribovszki, K. (author)

Published in:

Journal of Earthquake Engineering ; 27 ; 878-897

Publication date:

2023-03-12

Size:

20 pages

ISSN:

1363-2469 , 1559-808X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2022.2033356

Type of media:

Article (Journal)

Type of material:

Electronic Resource

Language:

Unknown

Keywords:

Paleoseismology , speleothem , stalagmite , finite element method , seismic vibrations , natural frequency splitting

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