A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
CFD-Simulation of smoke propagation and ventilation efficiency of tunnel fire incidents
The Objective of the project was the development of a prediction method for the propagation of smoke and the temperature distribution in a tunnel during a fire incident. The goal was to generate deeper understanding of the flow phenomena during a tunnel fire and to provide constructors with an Instrument to support ventilation design. 3D-simulations were carried out using a commercial CFD-software to benefit from well established programs and models. For special physical phenomena, like soot-radiation interaction, special models were implemented. A large number of calculations was performed to investigate grid resolution sensitivity, influence of turbulence models and different approaches of modelling the fire. During the investigations three main points turned out to have predominant impact on the quality of simulation results: the modelling of the fire by means of heat and volumetric source, gas and soot radiation and boundary treatment at the tunnel walls. The combustion products are optically dense, which implies that there is a strong interaction with the radiation emitted from the fire. In order to correctly regard these effects an improved version of the 'weighted Sum of Grey Gases Model' (WSGGM) was implemented, which combines the effect on absorption coefficient by gaseous and soot components. Test cases from the Memorial Tunnel Project were used to verify the newly developed methods and showed remarkable improvement over previous simulation runs omitting the mentioned radiation effects.
CFD-Simulation of smoke propagation and ventilation efficiency of tunnel fire incidents
The Objective of the project was the development of a prediction method for the propagation of smoke and the temperature distribution in a tunnel during a fire incident. The goal was to generate deeper understanding of the flow phenomena during a tunnel fire and to provide constructors with an Instrument to support ventilation design. 3D-simulations were carried out using a commercial CFD-software to benefit from well established programs and models. For special physical phenomena, like soot-radiation interaction, special models were implemented. A large number of calculations was performed to investigate grid resolution sensitivity, influence of turbulence models and different approaches of modelling the fire. During the investigations three main points turned out to have predominant impact on the quality of simulation results: the modelling of the fire by means of heat and volumetric source, gas and soot radiation and boundary treatment at the tunnel walls. The combustion products are optically dense, which implies that there is a strong interaction with the radiation emitted from the fire. In order to correctly regard these effects an improved version of the 'weighted Sum of Grey Gases Model' (WSGGM) was implemented, which combines the effect on absorption coefficient by gaseous and soot components. Test cases from the Memorial Tunnel Project were used to verify the newly developed methods and showed remarkable improvement over previous simulation runs omitting the mentioned radiation effects.
CFD-Simulation of smoke propagation and ventilation efficiency of tunnel fire incidents
CFD-Simulation der Rauchausbreitung und Belüftungseffizienz bei Brandfällen in Tunneln
Mann, M. (author) / Segalla, C. (author) / Pucher, E. (author)
2002
8 Seiten, 5 Bilder, 8 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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